130 LYC/AENID. LYCANESTHES. 
butterfly.” I have previously (av/ea, p. 47) expressed a doubt as to Difsas lycenoides, Felder, 
being synonymous with the species now being dealt with, but am unable to definitely settle 
the matter in the absence of specimens of the species from Amboina. I am guite satisfied 
however that ezolus equals dalliston and bengalensis. 
L. emolus is a fairly constant species ; the chief variation appears to be in the intensity 
of the markings of the underside. Its distribution ig a little peculiar ; it is common in Bengal 
and the north-eastern coast, but does not appear to occur at all in the Bombay Presidency or 
on the western coast, and is absent from South India and Ceylon. It is common throughout 
Assam and Burma, and occurs in the Andaman Isles, in the Malay peninsula and islands, and 
in North Australia. 
712. Lyccnesthes lyccnina, Felder. Pirate (XXVI, Fic. 178 $). 
L. lycenina, Felder, Verh. zool.-bot. Gesellsch Wien, vol. xviii, p. 281 (1868); id., Hewitson, Il]. Diurn. 
Lep., p. 219, n. 2, pl. xc, figs. 6, 9, female (1878) ; id., Moore, Lep. Cey., vol., i, p. 87, pl xxxv, figs. 8, 8a, male 
(1881) ; id., Distant, Rhop. Malay., p. 232, n. 1, pl. xxi, fig. 3, wale (1884) ; ZL. orissica, Moore, Journ. 
A. S. B., vol. lili, pt. 2, p. 23 (1884). 
HasiraT: Bengal, Sikkim, Assan, Burma, Malay Peninsula, Orissa, South India, Ceylon, 
Borneo. 
EXPANSE: @, r'oto I'3; 2, 1° to 12 inches. 
DEscRIPTION : ‘“* MALE. Nearest to Z. lycenoides, Felder [from Amboina, ?=Z. emolus, 
Godart], but smaller. UPPERSIDE, J0¢i wings alittle more vivid in colour. Azudwing out- 
wardly well-rounded, less dentate. UNDERSIDE, dot wings palely hoary-fuscous. Forewing 
beyond the middle with a bifurcated catenular fascia, filled up with powdering of the ground- 
colour, and another submarginal of fuscescent spots circled with whitish (che upper ones inwardly 
subsagittate), some obsolete whitish spots arranged in a striga before the margin. Aindwing 
powdered with bluish-grey at the base, an ocellated antico-basal spot, and another internal, 
blackish circled with whitish, a postico-basal’ fasciole composed of two spots, and another 
disco-cellular of the same number of spots, contiguous to a third situated beyond the middle 
twice slightly broken, and catenular border spots two-fold connate, inwardly more or less sagit- 
tate, of the same colour, those of the forewing concolorous, of which the marginal 
situated between the first and second median nervules bearing a small black spot, inwardly 
narrowly circled with rufescent-fulvous.” (Fé/der,1.c.) FEMALE. UPPERSIDE, both wings 
dull blackish, the basal areas more or less sprinkled with blue scales. Hindwing with a sub- 
marginal series of oval black spots placed between the veins, inwardly defined bya fine 
white line, that in the first median interspace the most prominent, often with a series of white 
lunules above them. Ci/ia white. UNDERSIDE, doth wings as in the male, 
L. lycenina may be usually known from Z. emo/us inthe male by its brighter and lighter 
purple coloration on the upperside ; the apex of the forewing is more acute, the outer margin 
straighter ; in the hindwing the outer margin seems to be truncated, the anal angle very acute in- 
stead of being rounded. On the underside the markings are usually more prominent, the discal 
band in both sexes on both wings is more or less broken inthe middle, very markedly so in the 
hindwing, while in Z. emolus itis continuous. In Z. /ycenina there is almost always a promi- 
nent black spot near the base of the hindwing below and touching the costal nervure which 
is never present in Z, evsolus; this spot is often small and inconspicuous, sometimes absent 
altogether ; similarly also the subanal black spot is sometimes entirely absent ; this latter varia- 
tion has been described as a distinct species as below by Mr. Moore.* JZ, /ycenina has almost 
* Lycanesthes orissica, Moore, Journ. A. S. B., vol. liii, pt. 2, p. 23 (1884). Hasrrar: Orissa. 
Expanse : Male, ‘9 of aninch. Description :** Macs, smaller than L. dycenina, Felder, and L. lycamtbes, 
Hewitson. Uprersipe, both wings of asimilar purpurascent blue. UNpbersips, doth wings pale purpuras- 
cent greyish-brown, markings similar, but more regularly disposed. AHimdwing has the subbasal.costal black 
spot prominent, but the subbasal [subanal] black spot—so conspicuous in the above species—is absent, the entire 
exterior margin being uniformly marked.”’ (Moore, 1. c.) 
1 possess five males and two females of what I call L. lycanina, Felder, from Orissa, which includes the 
type specimen of ZL. ovissica. They vary considerably in size; some areas large as typical L. 4cenina ; 
the markings on the underside are not always more regular than in typical ZL. dycenina ; the subbasal costal 
spot on the underside of the hindwing is entirely absent in one specimen, very prominent in one, small in the 
