LYCANID. CATOCHRYSOPS. 176 
The third subgroup comprises four genera which practically agree in the disposition of 
the veins of the wings ; so that once more general facies has to be relied onas a distinguishing 
character. The first three genera, Ca/ochrysops, Boisduval, Zarucus, Moore, and Castalius, 
Hiibner, have the first subcostal nervule of the forewing impinging on, or touching, the costal 
nervure ; but though the two veins run side by side for some little distance, they are not 
anastomosed into a single vein as in the first subgroup of the Folyommatus group, In these 
three genera these two veins are sometimes slightly separated from one another ; in the fourth 
genus, Lolyommatus, Latreille, the veins are well-separated. The first genus, Catochrysops, 
has the males of different shades of blue or purple on the upperside ; the underside is 
brown or drab ; the forewing has no basal markings, but bears a disco-cellular spot, a discal 
catenulated band, and the usual marginal markings, The hindwing has always two prominent 
black dots just below the costa, sometimes with additional similar basal dots, one or two 
prominent black orange-crowned, silver-speckled, subanal spots, and whitish catenulated 
markings as in the forewing: The females are blackish on the upperside, with the usual 
discal metallic blue areas, The genus has a very wide range in southern Asia, occurring 
throughout the Malay Archipelago, and extending to Australia, and to the South Sea Islands. 
It probably also occurs in Africa. The next genus, Zarucus, has the markings of the underside 
quite different from those of Cavochrysops; the base of the forewing is marked with streaks 
and spots, there are no catenulated markings, but the entire surface of both wings is covered 
with black, brown, or rusty-red dashes and spots. It occurs in Southern Europe, Africa, 
Asia Minor, Persia, almost throughout India, and Ceylon, and one species is found in Java, ~ 
The next genus, Caséalius, has the markings on the underside of the typical species 
(C. vosimon, Fabricius) not unlike those of Zarucus, but fewer in number and larger 
in size; the other species of the genus have still fewer markings, which are often concentrated 
into broad bands and patches. The genus does not occur in Europe, but is found in Africa, 
throughout India, Ceylon, and the Malay Peninsula and Archipelago, The last genus, 
Polyommatus, is a very small one, and the typical species (?. deticus, Linnzeus) has a style of 
markings on the underside which is quite peculiar to itself, consisting of very numerous closely- 
placed short pale ochreous bands, with two prominent black silver-spangled subanal spots to 
the hindwing. It has an immense range in the old world, occurring in Europe, Africa, Asia, 
Australia, and many oceanic islands. It does not seem to have reached America yet, but 
sooner or later it is almost suretodo so. The males of all the species of all these genera 
entirely lack secondary sexual characters. Both sexes have a filamentous tail to the hindwing 
from the termination of the first median nervule. 
Genus 121.—Catochrysops, Boisduval. (PLArz XXVII). 
Catochrysops, Boisduval, Voy. Astrolabe, Lep., pt. 1, p. 87 (1832) ; id., Moore, Lep. Cey., p. go (1881); id., 
Distant, Rhop. Malay., p. 223 (1884). 
‘* FOREWING, triangular ; costal nervure extending half the wing, bent upwards to the costa 
near the end ; first subcostal nervule emitted at nearly one-half before the end of the cell, curved 
upwards and slightly touching the costal nervure ; second subcostal emitted at one-third, third 
subcostal at one-eighth before the end of the cell, foz7th subcostal at two-thirds from the base of 
the third and terminating at the apex, 4 subcostal from the end of the cell ; [mddle and lower] 
disco-cellular nervules slightly concave ; [Jower] discoidal nervule from their middle 3 atscoidal 
cell narrower than in the genus Wacaduba, Moore, extending to half length of the wing ; second 
median nervule from immediately before the end of the cell, fst median at one-half before the 
end. HINDWING, short, triangularly-oval ; abdominal margin long ; furnished with a single 
strongly clavate and truncate, with a sharp projection from the upper side. Upper lobe very slender, somewhat 
shorter than the other, sinuous, strongly bent inwards at the tip, so as to meet that of the opposite clasp.” 
“* Female unknown. A single male taken in deep forest near Padang Rangas, Perak, at 1,000 feet ele- 
vation, The substitution of green for the usual light blue tints of allied species, and the very’ broad black 
margin, giving it the air of a female, secure for this butterfly quite. a. unique position in the genus.” 
(Doherty, MS.) 
