LYCENID&. '-- CASTALIOSY 408 
I possess a note from an unknown correspondent that the larva of 7: plinius feeds on 
plumbago. Colenel Lang also writes: ‘ Almora, 5,500 feet, local. Numerous about hedges 
of Plumbago capensis.” 
Mr. E. E. Green has sent me drawings of the transformations of this species, and writes : 
‘Egy flattish, apex concave. Larva pale greenish-yellow above, sides lilacine, a narrow brown- 
ish median line followed by eight diagonal short streaks and six brownish-red spots. Before 
pupating the colouring becomes much more diffused. Feeds amongst the flower buds of 
Plumbago. Pupa dull yellowish, profusely mottled with brown spots. I have never observed 
ants attending this larva.” 
T. plinius is a common and wide-spread species, occurring in Western Africa, at 
Aden, throughout India, Ceylon and Burma, but not in the Malay Peninsula, reappearing how- 
ever in Java and Formosa. It is extremely pugnacious, fighting with others of its own species 
whenever it meets them, and ascending high into the air during the contest. It settles chiefly 
on bushes or trees, seldom on the ground. Having seen specimens of ‘* Lycena” pulchra, 
Murray, from Aden, in Colonel Swinhoe’s collection identified by Mr. Butler, I have no hesi- 
tation in sinking that species as a synonym of 7° piinzus, with which, moreover, the description 
and figures entirely agree. 
Genus 123.—-CASTALIUS, Hiibner. (FRONTISPIECE). 
Castalius, Hiibner. Verz. bek. Schmett., p. 70 (1816) ; id., Moore, Lep. Cey., vol. i, p. 82 (1881); id., Distant, 
Rhop. Malay., p. 214 (1884). 
** FOREWING, triangular ; cos/a arched at the base, afex pointed, exterior margin oblique 
and slightly convex; costal mervure extending to a little over half length of the mar- 
gin ; frst subcostal nervule very short, anastomosed tothe costal nervure for a short distance 
near its end, emitted at nearly one-half before the end of the discoidal cell ; second subcostal 
ata very short distance before [beyond] the base of the first 5 ¢4zrd@ subcostal at one-eighth 
before the end of the cell; fourth subcostal at one-half beyond the cell; 4/22 subcostal 
[upper disceidal] from the end of the cell; désco-cel/ular nervules slightly oblique and recurved, 
vadial [lower discoidal] nervule from their middle; déscoidal cell extending to more than 
half length of the wing; second median nervule emitted at one-eighth before the end of 
the cell, frst median at one-half before its end ; suémedian mnervure nearly straight. HIND- 
WING, bluntly oval; exterzor margin convex anteriorly, slightly angled, and with a deli- 
cate ¢ai/ at the end of the first median nervule; costal nervure arched at the base and 
extending to the apex ; first subcostal nervule emitted at one-fourth before the end of the 
cell ; disco-cellular nervules recurved, vadial [discoidal] nervule from their middle; discoidal 
cell short, broad ; third and second median nervules from the end of the cell, firs¢ median 
at one-third before its end; sudmediax mervure straight, infernal nervure recurved. Bopy 
small, abdomen short ; palpi porrect, long, second joint compressed, clothed with compact 
hair-scales, projecting half its length beyond the head, third joint slender, naked, more 
than half the length of the second ; /egs slender ; axtenne with a blunt spatular club, Type, 
C. rosimon, Fabricius.” (Moore, |. c.) 
On examination of the neuration ofa bleached male and female of the type species 
taken in Calcutta, I find that in the forewing the costal nervure terminates on the margin 
about opposite to the end of the cell; the first subcostal nervule in the male for a short 
distance lies close to but is distinctly separated from the costal nervure, but in the female 
that it lies alongside of and touches, but is not anastomosed with, that vein; the base of the 
second subcostal is much nearer to that of the first than to that of the upper discoidal ; the third 
subcostal is rather short, and is emitted nearer to the apex of the wing than of the cell; the 
disco-cellular nervules are nearly upright, slightly convex, the lower rather longer than the 
middle. In the hindwing the disco-cellulars are nearly in one straight line and upright, 
the second median nervule originating just before the lower end of the cell. The female 
differs from the male in having the wings rather broader, the apex of the forewing less 
acute, the outer margin more convex,- The eyes are hairy, 
