LYCANID. AMBLYPODIA. 207 
forewing to the abdominal margin of the hindwing. The females have the blue or purple colora- 
tion of the upperside confined to the disc and base of the wings, The genus is strictly confined 
to the Indo-Malayan region. The male of /raofa has a small tuft of hairs on the inner margin of 
the forewing near the middle on the underside. Both sexes have a large anal lobe to the hiad- 
wing ; the male has a tail as in Amd/yfodia, and sometimes a rudimentary tail beyond from the 
termination of the first median nervule ; the female always has this second tail long, the inner 
tail much longer than in the male, and sometimes it has a third rudimentary tail from the 
termination of the second median nervule. Both sexes are coloured on the upperside much 
as in Amblyfodia, but the blue colour of the male is richly metallic ; the markings of the un- 
derside are more variegated than in Améblypodia, rich silvery spots and blotches often being 
present, and there is no protective resemblance to a dead leaf. It has almost the same geo- 
graphical range as has Amdlyfodia, but occur in China also. 
The next genus, Surendra, Moore, has no secondary sexual characters in the male. Its 
neuration is most ordinary, resembling that of the Zycena and Polyommatus groups. The middle 
and lower disco-cellular nervules of the forewing are of almost equal length. The outline of the 
hindwing in the different species shows great variation. In the type species, S. guercetorum, 
Moore, both sexes have an anal lobe, the male one tail from the termination of the first median 
nervule, the female two from the first and second median nervules respectively. In S. amisena, 
Hewitson, the arrangement is the same, but the tails and anal lobe are much smaller. In iS. 
fiorimel, Doherty, the tails and lobe have entirely disappeared. These two last-named species have 
been added to the Indian list since my key to the genera of Indian Lycenide was printed. ‘The 
males are purple on the upperside with an outer black border ; the females of S. guercetorum 
and S. florimel are entirely fuliginous-brown on the upperside ; the female of S. amésena is dull 
lilac-blue. The coloration of the underside of both sexes of all the species is dull brown, 
with some obscure whitish, darker brown, and black markings. The genus occurs in India, 
Ceylon, the Andaman Isles, the Malay peninsula, the Island of Nias, and in Java. 
The next five genera may be known by the middle disco-cellular nervule of the fore- 
wing being extremely short, only one-third or one-fourth as long as the lower disco-cellular ; 
and the three median nervules of the forewing originating very close together, the first median 
nervule from a distinct angle of the median nervure, the latter being deflected upwards 
beyond the base of the first median nervule ; the third subcostal nervule of the forewing also 
is very short. None of these genera possess secondary sexual characters in the male. The first 
genus, 4fforara, Moore, contains but a single species found in Burma, which I have been 
able to examine since my key to the genera was struck off. It has the subcostal nervules of 
the forewing as in the other genera of this subgroup ; it has a single tail in the hindwing from 
the termination of the first median nervule, but the outer margin of that wing is throughout 
very irregular, being more or less toothed at the terminations of all the nervules. The apex of 
the hindwing is strongly produced upwards or toothed asin the genus Mahathala, Moore, the 
costa between the apex and the base of the wing being at first concave, then straight. Both sexes 
are purple on the upperside, with broad outer black margins, the underside is brown, mottled 
and variegated with darker and lighter shades, these markings being arranged in spots and bands, 
the hindwing sparsely sprinkled with metallic green scales. The next genus, 7haduka, Moore, 
also contains but a single species, and is found only in Burma. Its male appears to be unknown, 
but the female may be recognised from all Indian Lycenide (except some aberrant species of the 
genus /raofa) by possessing three well-formed tails to the hindwing besides a very large anal 
lobe. 7. multicaudata, Moore, is marked and coloured very much like the single species of 
Apporara, but the apex of the forewing is distinctly acuminate, instead of truncate, and the apex 
of the hindwing is not produced upwards or hooked as in that species. 
I am inclined to think that it would have been better to reduce the three following 
genera to one, and to use the name Arhofala, Boisduval, for the combined genus. They differ 
but little in neuration, have much the same general /acies, and all are of some shade of blue or 
