LYC-ENIDA, IRAOTA. 215 
on or near the Banian tree, on the leaves and small branches of which they alight. They have 
a very powerful and rapid flight, but soon settle after being disturbed. 
Key to the Indian species of Iraota. 
A. Male with one tail, female with two. 
a. Hindwing, underside, with a large silvery irregular band below the costa at right angles fo 
the body. 
9775. I. TIMOLEON, India, China, 
6. Hindwing, underside with no large silvery band below the costa. 
776. I. MacENaS, India, Ceylon, China. 
B. Male with two tails, female with three. 
777. I. ROCHANA, Burma, Java. 
775. Iraota timoleon, Stoll. (PLATE XXVII, Fics. 192 $, 193 2). 
Papilio timoleon, Stoll, Supp!. Cramer, Pap. Ex., vol. v, pl. xxxii, figs. 4, 4D, female (1790); Amblypodia 
timoleon, Horsfield and Moore, Cat. Lep. Mus. E 1.C., vol. 1, p. 44,n. 67, pl. xii, figs. 3, larva; 3a, pupa 
(1857); id., Marshall and de Nicéville, Butt. of India, vol. 1, pl. ii, Zavva and pupa (1882); Lraota timoleons 
Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1882, p. 249; id., Staudinger, Ex. Schmett., p. 279, pl. xcvi, male (1888) 3 
Thecla nila, Kollar, Hiigel’s Kaschmir, vol. iv, pt. 2, p. 413, n. 3, pl. iv, figs, 5, 6, wale (1844). 
HapiraT: China (Séo//), Bhutan (Horsfeld and Moore), Kangra district (Jfoore), Masuri 
(Xollar), Dalhousie, Chumba, Dagshai, Masuri, Faizabad, Julpaiguri, Sikkim (rare both in the 
hills and in the Terai, occurs in July), Cachar, Pachmarhi, Orissa, Ganjam, Rutnagherry, 
Khandala, Poona, Nilgiris (rare, found only at low elevations). 
EXPANSE: ¢,1°5 to 1°83 #, 1°5 to 1°9 inches. 
DESCRIPTION: MALE. UPPERSIDE, doth wings black, the lower basal area of the fore- 
wing and the disc of the hindwing rich deep metallic blue varying in extent in both wings. 
UNDERSIDE, doth wings castaneous. Forewing with the following silvery markings :—a club- 
shaped mark in the cell touching the subcostal nervure and reaching to a little beyond the middle 
of the cell from the base ; a large rounded spot on the disco-cellular nervule, a discal series of 
four spots in pairs arranged in a straight line, divided by a streak which reaches the margin ; a 
broad band of black extends across the middle of the wing from the base to almost the outer 
margin ; the inner margin pale. A//dzwing with a very prominent broad silvery streak with irre- 
gular margins from the base of the wing (where it is narrow) toabout the middle of the wing, 
placed below the costal nervure and at right angles to the body; a prominent well-separated 
silvery spot below the streak placed on the upper disco-cellular nervule, the rest of the wing 
more or less irrorated and marked with white streaks, an obscure submarginal broad yellowish 
band, the anal lobe black. FEMALE, UPPERSIDE, both wings purplish-brown. Forewing 
with a lower discal patch of shining but non-metallic purple variable in size, Hindwing some- 
times with a small irrorated patch of purple scales in the middle of the disc. In four specimens 
from Poona and Khandalla in Colonel Swinhoe’s collection both wings on the upperside are as 
brilliantly metallic blue as in the male, and the colour is as extensive in the hindwing, and 
even more extensive in the forewing than in the oppositesex. UNDERSIDE, doth wings similar 
to the male, but all the markings more prominent. 
LaRVA onisciform, smooth; ‘9 of an inch in lengths; head very small; second segment 
rather large, third and fourth progressively larger, then gradually decreasing in width to the 
anal segment ; constrictions between the segments very shallow ; head pinkish, dorsal area 
pale pink shading off laterally into pale greenish, the anal segment entirely pale greenish ; 
three series of annular dots on each side, no prominent markings whatever. Pupa very short 
and thick, dark brown, streaked with darker brown ; head-case well marked; the abdomen 
very slightly constricted behind the thorax, posteriorly much rounded. Described from 
Horsfield and Moore’s figures. 
I. timoleon has almost precisely the same general range as 7. mcacenas, Fabricius. 
Both occur in China and in many parts of India, but this species does not occur in Ceylon as 
does Z, macenas. It presents the same apparent dimorphism in the female as_ that species, 
