LYCANIDA. SURENDRA. 22r 
Mr. Hewitson describes a “ Variety @” from Sylhet as follows :—‘ MALE. UPPERSIDE, 
forewing less pointed at the apex, the blue colour much lighter, the margins rufous-brown. 
Hindwing uniform rufous-brown. FEMALE. UPPERSIDE, loth wings rufous-brown, Forewing 
with a longitudinal ferruginous spot in the middle. The female figured is very likely a variety ; 
it is probably for the most part of a uniform rufous-brown.” 
“On the underside S, guercetorum differs from S. vivarna, Horsfield, chiefly in the 
obscurity, or absence altogether, of the white spots which constitute the medial band of the 
hindwing of that species.” (Hewifson, 1. c.) 
I observe the same tendency to variation in Sikkim specimens as Mr. Hewitson has noted 
in examples from Sylhet. The one doubtfully constant character whichI can find to separate 
this species from those which follow is the larger size of S. guercetorum. In Sikkim it is a 
common species, occurring both in the hills and in the Terai, at any rate in April and October, 
but probably throughout the year. Colonel A. M. Lang took a single specimen on roth October 
at Khairna, Kosi Valley, 3,100 feet, Kumaon. Its occurrence in the Kangra Valley is a little 
doubtful, I think, though Mr. P. W. Mackinnon has taken it in the Dehra Dun in August. It 
was obtained by the Yunan expedition in Upper Burma, and I possess a specimen taken by 
Major C. T. Bingham in Pegu in June, and another from Rangoon in July. It is alittle re- 
markable that I have always caught many more females than males of this species in Sikkim, 
The markings of the underside are strongly protective, and resemble dead leaves. 
Figure 194 shows both sides of a male specimen, figure 195 shows both sides of a female 
example, both from Sikkim, and in my collection. 
Mr. Distant does not include any species of the genus Surendra under that name (though 
he gives S. amisena as a Rapala) in his “ Rhopalocera Malayana,” though Mr. Hewitson gives 
avariety of S. vivarna, Horsfield, from Singapore. To enable this form to be distinguished 
if again found, I give a full description of it as a foot-note.* 
779. Surendra biplagiata, Butler. 
S. biplagiata, Butler, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1883, p. 147, n,Q, pl. xxiv, fig. 12, male. 
HasitaT: Madras. 
EXPANSE: 6, 1°35 inches. 
DESCRIPTION: “MALE. Near to S. discalis, Moore, but easily distinguished by having 
no violet patches on the UPPERSIDE of the Aindwing, and by the grey colouring of the UNDER- 
SIDE, upon which the markings are extremely indistinct.” (Azd/er, 1. c-) 
I kave seldom seen a worse modern illustration of a butterfly than the one given of this 
species. The colouring is exaggerated, the outline is incorrect, though the figured specimen is a 
* Surendra vivarna, Horsfield. Amblypodia vivarna, Horsfield, Cat. Lep, E. I. Co., p. 99, n. 31 (1829); 
id., Hewitson, Cat. Lycenide B.M., p. 13, n. 61, pl. vii, figs. 73, 77, male 3 75) female (1862). HABITAT : 
Singapore (Hewttson) ; Java (Horsfield). ExpansE: Male and female, 100 to 1 33 inches. DESCRIPTION? 
** Mace. UpPERSIDE, doth wings deep blackish-brown. Fo7ewixg with a large oblong brilliant cyaneous patch, 
Hindwing with a triangular patch of the same colour, varying in both wings according to the direction of the 
light to obscure purple, being separated from the margins by a regularly-defined border of the ground-colour, 
which is broader at the inner margin of the hindwing, where the anal angle excavation has a grayish tint, 
Unversibb, both wings brown with a glaucous tint, the surface being also marked with a few clouds inclining 
to a purple colour ; an irregularly arched and flexuous streak, consisting of delicate lunules in close succession, 
passes through both wings ; in the forewing it commences at the same distance from the costa and the inner 
margin, and after a short curve at each extremity forms a large arch in the middle area tending towards the 
posterior margin ; in the hindwing it winds over the surface ina serpentine course, and the lunules are 
individually edged externally with pale sulphureous-yellow. Forewing has further two short transverse 
liture in the middle area before the disc, three obsolete marginal dots near the medial portion of the 
costa, and finally a row of dots parallel with the posterior margin. AHindwing has near the base a lunule 
edged with yellow, and an obsolete waving litura disposed in succession as a striga ; then, behind the curved 
medial striga, a series parallel with the posterior margin, commencing at the outer apical angle with four or 
five successive obsolete dots, followed by as many lunules edged with yellow and continued in a flexuose 
direction to the inner angle, and, finally, at the anal termination of the wing, three semilunar marks, faintly 
dotted with yellow, extending from the outer tail to the inner edge of the anal appendage. FEMALE. 
UppPERSIDE, 60th wings uniformly dark brown. UNpeErsInE, 40th wings asin the male. Body brown above 
and gray underneath, Antenne have a brown tint to the ferruginous tip, the rings having a very faint 
grayish Heea tes Tails two, the inner one, which exceeds the other in length, is brown with a grayish 
tip.” (Horsfield,1.c. 
Mr. Hewitson (1. c.) describes a ‘* Variety a” of this species from Singapore as follows :—‘‘ With the forewing 
somewhat more pointed at the apex: the transverse band on the underside of the forewing straighter and 
less undulated. The anal angle of the hindwing irrorated with silvery-blue.” 
