LYCANID. ARHOPALA, 255 
the outer margin; two shoit bands of paler brown near the anal angle; two black spots 
near the outer margin crowned with go/d.” 
“Near A. apidanus, Cramer ; but differs from it considerably in the position of the spots 
of the hindwing.” (ezu/tson, 1. c.) 
“MALE. UPPERSIDE, do/h wistgs rich dark purple, the outer margins very narrowly black. 
Tail black, short, tipped with white. UNDERSIDE, /orezwimg with the basal area dark rich brown, 
beyond pale brown ; a pale quadrate spot near the end of the cell, then a broad dark brown band 
from the costa to the first median nervule, then a narrower pale band, and lastly an even dark 
band also from the costa to the first median nervule ; an apical decreasing violet patch, the outer 
margin dark brown, 7ndwing with a narrow dark brown streak from the costa, then a broader 
pale violet streak, then a still broader dark brown streak ; a dark brown streak from the costa 
to the first median nervule closing the cell, with a spot beyond ; another streak beyond much 
diffused anteriorly, a black spot crowned with golden yellow scales on the margin in the 
first median interspace, and a similar larger one at the anal angle, with a smaller one attach- 
ed to it outwardly. FEMALE, éo¢h wings with the middle only purple of a brighter and 
lighter shade than in the male. UNDERSIDE, doth wings as in the male.” (de Wicéville, 1. c.) 
This beautifully distinct species occurs somewhat commonly in Sikkim. Mr. Otto Moller 
possesses specimens taken in Sikkim in June, July, and October ; and the Revd, Walter A. 
Hamilton has sent me numerous specimens from the Khasi Hills. As far as I know, it occurs 
nowhere else, though Mr. Hewitson has recorded it from the Philippines, most probably in 
error. 
I give below* a description of the very closely-allied 4. singhapura, Distant, which - 
occurs in the island of Singapore. 
812. Arhopala artegal, Doherty. 
Flos artegal, Doherty, Journ. A. S. B., vol. lviii, pt. 2, p. (1889). 
HasitTaT: Mergui, Burma. 
EXPANSE: @, 1°4 inches. 
DrscrIPTION: “ MALE. UPPERSIDE, doth wings with the base azure, darkening outwardly 
to violaceous-blue, quite violet in some lights ; on the forewzg the blue colour occupies less 
than half of the surface, the black border reaching the upper angle of the cell, and extending 
unusually far up the inner margin ; the margin is outwardly rounded. Aindwing with a blue 
area from the costal nervure and first subcostal nervule to the submedian nervure, its outer 
margin irregular, the black border wide. UNDERSIDE, forewing light brown, the costal half 
glossed with violet, a large triangular violet-whitish area (somewhat asin the genus Elymnias, 
Hiibner, of the subfamily Z/ynzine) on the costa near the apex ; three wide dark violet- 
brown transverse bands, edged with paler ; one inthe cell ; the second across its end, extending 
from the second subcostal to the first median nervule ; the third oblique, unbroken, with 
* Arhopala singhapura, Distant. Panchala singhapura, Distant, Rhop. Malay., p. 273, n. 2, woodcut n. 84, 
Jemale (1885). HasiTat: Singapore. Expansg: Male and female, 16 to 1°7 inches. DESCRIPTION: “ MALE, 
UprersibDE, doth wings dark violaceous-blue. Cz/ia dark fuscous. UNDERsIDE, doth wings violaceous-brown, 
with the following dark purplish-brown markings and fascie :—/orewing marked as in P.[=A.]dzardz, Hewitson. 
Hindwing with a basal costal spot, a broad transverse fascia crossing the wing at the basal third, followed by 
a medial fasciate spot extending from the costal nervure to the base of the first median nervule, where it is. 
connected with an upper spct situated between the median and the submedian nervures ; other markings. as in 
P. diardi, save that the anal angular greenish marginal spots are situated in a broad dark purplish-brown 
patch ; ground-colour much more violaceous than that of the forewing. FEMALE. Uppersipk, 40/2 wings much 
paler violaceous-blue than in the male. ovewzmg with the costal and outer margins (broadest at the apex and 
extending tothe upper disco-cellular nervules) broadly dark fuscous. Azxdwing with the costal, outer and 
abdominal margins dark fuscous, UNprRSIDE, oth wings as in the male.” 
‘* This species is closely related to P. diavdz,as may be seen by comparing the figures here given, the 
specific differences being most emphatically illustrated by the distinct markings on the underside of the hind- 
wing. Itis also very closely allied to the Philippine species, ?. /ulgida, Hewitson, from which it is most 
readily discriminated by the much larger bluish area on the upperside of the wingsin the fema/e.’’ (Distant, |. c.) 
I have seen a male only of this species collected in Singapore by Mr. W. Davison. It is indistinguishable 
from that of A. /udyida, Hewitson, from Sikkim. As Ihave not seen a female of A. singhapura, I cannot 
say if the larger extent of blue coloration on the upperside is a good specific character. I very much doubt that 
it 1s, as I find, in the large series of females of 4. /udgida in my possession, that this character is a very variable 
one, some specimens haying nearly twice as much blue on the upperside as others, 
