LYCANIDA. ARHOPALA. 273 
fourth spot on the abdominal margin separated from the others ; the other spots large, the one 
at the end of the cell irregularly shaped, somewhat triangular, produced outwardly to a 
point in the first median interspace, as in A. duessa, Doherty ; the discal band composed of 
well-formed equal-sized annular spots in slightly united pairs, the middle pair out of line and 
nearer the margin than the others; marginal lunules as in the forewing. It has no tail or 
anal lobe. 
This species has some resemblance to A. agesias, Hewitson, from the Malay Peninsula and 
Borneo.* Described from a single worn specimen captured during the cold weather, 
$36. Arhopala ganesa, Moore. 
Amblypodia ganesa, Moore, Horsfield and Moore, Cat. Lep. Mus. E. I. C., vol. i, p. 44, n. 66, pl. ia, 
fig. 9 (1857); Panchale ganesa, Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1882, p. 252; id., Doherty, Journ. A. S. B., 
vol. lv, pt. 2, p. 126, n. 121 (1886); Avhopala ganesa, Staudinger, Ex. Schmett., p, 281, pl. xcvi, male (1888). 
Habitat ; Western Himalayas, 
EXPANSE : 1°25 to 1°40 inches. 
DescrieTION : MALE and FEMALE. “ UPPERSIDE, forewing with the discoidal cell and 
vosterior base sky-blue, the end of the discoidal cell and between the discoidal nervules white, 
rest of wing dark brown. /Zixdwing sky-blue to near exterior margin, rest brown, abdominal 
margin and cilia paler. UNDERSIDE, doth wings cream-white, Forewing nearly covered with 
broad undulating brown bands. Aindwing with ill-defined undulating bands. Near the outer 
margin of o/h wings appears a very faint undulated line and a series of dots. Wings shaped 
as in 4. guerceti[=d. rama} and A, dodonega. Without tails.’ (Adore, 1. c. in Cat. Lep. Mus. 
By Ls C:) 
Colonel A. M. Lang, R. E., informs me that “there appears to be only one summer 
brood of this species in Kumaon, appearing in May and June, and confined to 5,500 to 6.500 
feet altitude, in forests.” The species has a wide range, occurringin Kashmir on the west to 
Kumaon on the east, always in oak forests, andis rathercommon. The outline of the hindwing 
is quite unique, the costa being very sinuous, the apex acute and anteriorly produced. This 
character is enormously intensified in AZahathala ameria, Hewitson, A. gazesa being a connecting 
link between the genera Muhathala and Arkopala. A. birmana, Moore, would appear to 
be the nearest ally to 4d. ganesa as far as markings go. 
The Amdlypotia loomisi of Pryer (Rhop. Nihonica, p. 11, n. 29, pl. ii, fig. 15 (1886) from 
Japan, is a very close ally of A. ganesa, but appears to have no white on the upperside of the 
forewing, and the blue restricted to the middle in the hindwing. 
* Arhopala agesias, Hewitson. Awzblyfodia agesias, Hewitson, Cat. Lycenide B. M., p. 11, n. 49, pl. vi, 
figs. 55, 56, /emade (1862). HasiratT : Selangor, Malay Peninsula; Borneo (Hezw/7tsox). ExraNsE : Female, 
16to 1°8 inches. DescripTION: ‘‘ FEMALE. Uppersive, d0¢h wings violet-blue, the margins broadly 
browa. UNDERSIDE, doth wings brown. Forewing with the usual transverse band, represented by four round 
spots, such as usually occupy the base of the wings. Aindwzixg, the band represented by a chain of eight 
spots, which commences at the costal margin a little below the middle, and, curving outwards parallel to the 
outer margin, ends in an oblong spot near the inner margin; the anal angle with three black spots irrorated 
with bright blue.” : 
. Variety a. FEMALE, UNDERSIDE, forewing without the transverse band of four round spots.’’ (/ez7¢- 
son, |. c.) 
I possess a single female example of this very distinct species from Selangor inthe Malay Peninsula. It 
agrees exactly with the description of the “ variety @’’ above. The upperside is of a very rich purplish-blue, 
forewing with the costa, the outer margin, especially at the apex, very broadly black, the black margin rapidly 
decreasing in width to the anal angle. Hindwing with the costa and apex broadly black, the outer margin 
moderately broadly black. Underside rufous-brown, the spots a little darker than the ground, outwardly 
defined with a pale line ; a round spot at the base of the cell; a larger oval one in the middle with a small 
spot between it and the basal spot above the subcostal nervule, and another small spot attached above to the middle 
spot in the cell; a large spot closing the cell, witha small spot attached to it above, and another small spot 
between it and the spot in the middle of the cell, making in all four small spots above but touching the sub- 
costal nervure at about equal distances apart above the cell; no discal band ; a small spot at the base of the 
first median interspace ; an obscure submarginal band very broad at the costa, narrowing towards the anal 
angle, which it does not quite reach. Hindwing may be said to have a complete circle of almost equal- 
sized rounded spots, thirteen in number, leaving a clump of four spots almost forming a square in the middle 
of the wing ; a marginal series of nine somewhat triangularly-shaped spots, of which the four anal ones are 
deep black, broadly outwardly defined with rich metallic green scales, the one in the first median interspace 
separated from the three conjoined spots towards the anal angle. 
A. belphabe, Doherty, differs from A. agesias in being of a much bluer shade on the upperside, strongly 
glossed with vinous on the underside, the ground-colour pale brown not rufous-brown, no black spots at the 
anal angle of the hindwing spangled with metallic blue. Both these species are quite distinct the one from 
the other and from all the species with which I am acquainted, 
35 
