LYCANID. CHRYSOPHANUS, 319 
discal series of nine black spots, a submarginal row of black dentate lunules bordered 
outwardly with golden-yellow, and a marginal row of small spots.” (A@vore, 1. c.) 
C. aditya is very close indeed to the ‘‘ Polyommatus” solskyi of Erschoff,* from Mara- 
eanda in Turkestan, described in the same year. It differs however in its larger size (1°65 as 
against 1°45 inches, taken from the figures). the marginal black band on the upperside of the 
forewing in C. aditya is narrower, especially at the apex ; on the hindwing also narrower and 
separated into distinct spots between the veins ; the markings of the underside are very similar. 
It is probably this species that Mr. Leech and I took (four males and one female) on 29th and 
30th July, 1887, near Braldo in Baltistan, at 11,700 feet elevation, also three males and a female 
on August Ioth and rith on the first two marches out of Skardo towards the Deosai Plains, but 
I have not the specimens now with me to determine. Whether distinct or not from C. solskyt, 
it is totally different from any of the other Indian representatives of the genus by reason of 
the brilliant golden brassy colour of the upperside. 
881. QOhrysophanus Easyapa, Moore. 
C. kasyapa, Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1865, p. 506, n. 111, pl. xxxi, fig. 10, male; id., Staudinger, 
Ex, Schmett., p. 270, pl. xciv, »ale (1888); C. zariasfa, Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1874, p. 271, n. 64. 
HapiratT: Western Himalayas. 
EXPANSE: dg, I'I2 to 1°60; Q, 1°30 to 1°60 inches. 
DescRIPTION: ‘‘ MALE. UPPERSIDE, both wings bright coppery red, with purple 
reflexions, Forewing with the extreme edge of the cesta and the exterior margin black, the latter 
submarginally bordered with purple ; a black spot within the discoidal cell, a second transversely 
closing the cell, four near the apex obliquely from the costa, and four others descending 
the disc. Aindwing with the anterior and exterior margins black, bordered submarginally 
with purple, which latter colour also borders the anal margin ; a minute dot within the discoidal 
cell, a narrow streak closing the cell, and a series of five discal spots black. Body black. 
UNDERSIDE, 40th wings metallic greyish-blue, with greenish reflexion at the base of the hind- 
wing. Forewing with the black spots as above, also a short black submarginal streak from the 
posterior angle, between which and the discal spots the space is ferruginous. Aindwing witha 
discal series of minute black dots. Body and legs white. Cilia white.” (A/oore, |. c.) FEMALE. 
UPPERSIDE, forewing orange, very variable, in some specimens (one from Chini in particular) 
clear bright orange, usually very dusky ; the outer margin broadly black, the base also black 
more or less diffused over the disc; the spots asin the male but larger. Aindwing dusky 
black, sometimes with the veins orange; the black spots of the underside more or less 
showing through, sometimes with a submarginal series of beautiful violet spots, beyond which 
there is sometimes a narrow marginal orange line. UNDERSIDE, forewing with the apex and 
outer margin only metallic greenish-blue, the base just dusted with this colour, the rest of the 
wing bright clear orange; the black spots as on the upperside, a submarginal series of three 
or four black spots towards the anal angle placed against the green marginal band. Hindwing 
as in the male. 
‘Very uncommon. It occurs in June, in richly wooded country, in Lower Kunawar, 
7,000 to 8,000 feet altitude. The female is much darker brown.” (ote by Colonel A. M. 
Lang, R. E.), I have taken it in the summer in many places in Kashmir, usually from 
about 7,000 to 10,000 feet elevation. It occurs also in Chumba, Lahoul, Chini, and on 
the Hindustan and Thibet Road near Simla. It does not appear to occur as far west even 
as Masuri, and is really confined to a comparatively small area. It is one of the most beautiful 
of the ‘‘ Coppers” and has no near ally to my knowledge, unless the C. zariasfa of Moore 
described belowt should hereafter be found to be distinct. 
* Lep, Turkestan, p. 8, n. 20, pl. i, fig. 7, ale (1874). 
t Chrysophanus zariaspa, Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1874, p. 271, n. 64. Hapitrat : Sonamurg, 
N.-E. Kashmir. Expanse: Made, t12 inches. Description: *‘ Mate Allied to C. kasyafa, Moore, 
but is a smaller insect, and differs on the upPpERSIDE in having the black spots smaller and the marginal borders 
