LYCAINID. HORAGA, 419 
it then to be too near the species figured by Mr. Hewitson under the name of Myrina onyx 
(17. syrinx on the plate) to be given distinct specific rank, but I find that 4. sikkima differs 
from that figure in always having the discal band on the hindwing on the underside narrower, 
but it is rather variable in width, and specimens may hereafter be found linking HZ. s¢#kima 
to A, moulmeina. 
Horaga halba, Distant, has been described as below* from the Malay Peninsula. The 
sex of the specimen described is not stated, but to judge from the outline of the wings it 
is almost certainly a female, nor to what species it is nearest allied, but from the figure 
it appears to be nearest on the upperside to H. albimacula, Wood-Mason and de Nicéville ; 
the coloration is violet-blue, while in all the other species of the genusit is blue. A, alba on the 
underside is near to 1. stkkima, Moore, and ZH. moulmeina, Moore, the colour of the ground is 
the same, and the discal white patch on the forewing does not nearly reach the costa. 
965. Horaga viola, Moore. 
H. viola, Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1882, p. 248. 
HasitTaT: Dharmsala, N.-W. Himalayas ; Sikkim ; Nilgiris. 
EXPANSE: ¢, ‘93 9, £'o inch. 
DESCRIPTION: ‘‘ MALE. UPPERSIDE, both wings violet-brown. Forewing with a small 
white discal spot. UNDERSIDE, Jotk wings darkish violaceous brownish-ochreous, the white 
discal spot continued to the posterior margin. AZzxdwing with the band narrowly white in both 
sexes. FEMALE. UPPERSIDE, J0/h wings violet-brown, palest on the hindwing ; lower 
basal and discal areas dull cyaneous-blue. forewing with the discal spot larger than in the 
male,” UNDERSIDE, Joth wings asin the male. (J@oore, 1. c.) 
‘A rare species occurring on the lower slopes of the Nilgiris, 2,000 to 4,000 feet” (G. F. 
Hampson). Rare also in Sikkim, Mr. Otto Moller possesses eight males and two females. The 
male of this species does not possess the ‘male mark” on the underside of the forewing, which 
is present in all the other species of the genus known to me, except A. albimacula, Wood-Mason 
and de Nicéville. I think Mr. Moore has described the female of this species incorrectly. 
The sexes are alike in coloration, at least in Sikkim; specimens from thence in my collection 
have been identified by Mr. Moore as H. viola. It is the smallest known species of the genus, 
my specimens measuring exactly an inch in expanse. Male specimens from the Nilgiris have 
the white discal patch on the upperside of the forewing outwardly sullied with ochreous. 
of irrorated black and white scales beyond, then another large black spot in the first median interspace, with a 
smaller linear one in the interspace beyond, all anteriorly defined with a pale metallic greenish line, also a line 
of the same colour in continuation of the discal white band, recurved to the abdominal margin. FEMALE 
larger, wings broader, apex of forewing more rounded, discal spot larger. Hindwing with the blue colour 
paler and more restricted ; four irrorated bluish spots between the nervules at the anal angle within the 
marginal pale blue line. UNDERSIDE, doth wings as in the male.” _ 
“The species described above may be known from Sikkim specimens of H/. ciniata, Moore, [=Z. onyx, 
Moore], by the ground-colour of the underside being bright ochreous, and the discal spot not nearly reaching 
the costa ; in this respect it agrees with Sikkim specimens of H. vzola, Moore, but is otherwise abundantly 
distinct from that species. It is well figured by Hewitson (Ill. Diurn, Lep., Lycenide, pl. xiv, figs, 32, 33. 
1863) under the name of Myrina onyx (Myrina syrinx on the plate; the specimen figured being probably 
amale by reason of the pointed apex to the forewing), The Myrina syrinx, Felder, female, (Sitzb, Ak. 
Wiss. Wien, Math.-Nat. Cl., vol. xl, p. 452, n. 14, 1860) from Amboyna is probably a distinct species.” (de 
Nicéville, \. c.) 
* Horaga halba, Distant, Rhop. Malay., p. 460, n. 1, pl. xliv, fig. 23 (1886). HaBITaT: Penang. ExransE : 
rr inches. DeEscripTion: ‘* UpPERSIDE, doth wings violaceous-blue. forewing with the costal, apical and 
outer areas fuscous (the last two very broadly so), and containing a discal whitish spot situated at about the end 
of the cell. //indwing with the costal and outer areas fuscous, a submarginal greyish-white line, and the tails 
with their apices greyish. UNDERSIDE, doth wings pale ochraceous, crossed by a discal greyish-white 
fascia, broadest on the forewing, where it commences at a little beyond the end of the cell, and narrowing on 
the hindwing below the median nervure, where it is recurved and continued upwards to the abdominal margin 
as a metallic-greenish fascia inwardly margined with blackish, and followed beneath by a similar fascia. //ind- 
wing with a series of marginal blackish spots near the anal angle, inwardly margined with metallic-greenish and 
black ; one at the anal angle greyish dusted with black ; posterior margin with two blackish lines bordered on 
each side with greyish. Body mutilated.” 
‘‘ H. halba belongs to a group of species in which great similarity of colour and markings is found. I 
have, however, carefully compared it with the other described species of the genus, and in the shape of the 
white spot above, and the width and pattern of the white fascia beneath find suflicient characters to separate 
it.” (Distant, I. c.) 
53 
