454 LYCALNIDA. 2 - RAPALA, 
the first subcostal nervule. This “sexual mark ” must have been overlooked by Mr. Moore 
when characterising the genus. Eyes extremely hairy. Antenne with a well-formed club. 
As far as is known at present, Aysudra contains bul a single species, which is confined to 
the Western Himalayas. The genus is aberrant, as the male has no tuft of hairs on the inner 
margin of the forewing, this feature being unique amongst Indian Zycentde when combined with 
the glandular patch on the hindwing, and would tend to show that the two organs have no inter- 
relation. I have often thought it possible that the “glandular patch” excreted some odour which 
is agreeable to the females of the species, or that an odour is given off which is distasteful 
to its enemies, which odour is dissemitated by the brush of hairs which comes in exact contact 
with it. If this is the case, we have in Hysudva the scent gland without the scent dis- 
seminator. 
9902. Hysudra selira, Moore. (PLATE XXIX, Fic. 240 ¢). 
Deudorix selira, Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1874, p. 272, n. 76 ; Hysudra selira, id., 1. c., 1882, p. 250 3 
id., Doherty, Journ, A.S. B., vol. lv, pt. 2, p. 126, n. 127 (1886) ; Deudorix nissa (part), Hewitson (nec Kollar), 
Ill.:Diurn. Lep., p. 23, n. 19, pl. x, fig. 44, female (nec figs. 42, 43), (1863). 
HABITAT : Western Himalayas, Kashmir. 
EXPANSE: ¢, 1253 2, 1'25 to 1°45 inches, 
DESCRIPTION : ‘MALE. UPPERSIDE, doth wings blackish-brown, suffused with bluish- 
purple. Ci/ia dull yellow. Forewing with a large quadrate orange-red discal patch. Aind- 
wing with a broad orange-red exterior marginal band crossed by the dark veins. UNDERSIDE, 
both wings pale fawn-colour, [disco-cellular nervules marked with two short lines], crossed by a 
brown discal narrow band with white outer border. Azudwing with a white marginal line, 
a small subanal black spot bordered with red, and a large black anal spot bordered with 
white.” FEMALE. UPPERSIDE, otk wings with the orange-red markings larger than in the 
male. UNDERSIDE, doth wings as in the male, 
“* Allied to D.[=Rapala ] nissa, Kollar, and figured as its female by Hewitson.” (Afoore, 
1. c. in Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1874). 
** A few taken in Naini Tal, 5,500-6,500 feet, in April and May, one in the middle of 
September” (4, M@. Zang). ‘‘Almora, Pyura, 4-6,000 feet, Kumaon” (Doherty). I have 
found this species somewhat rarely in many parts of the Western Himalayas and Kashmir. 
At Masuri Mr. P. W. Mackinnon has observed the female ovipositing on the wild Indigo, 
indigofera atropurpurea. The imago probably hibernates, and lays her eggs in the Spring. 
The figure shews both sides of a male specimen from Masuriin my collection. 
Genus 172.—RAPALA, Moore. (PLaTes XXV and XXIX). 
Rapala, Moore, Lep. Cey., vol. i, p. 105 (1881); id., Distant, Rhop. Malay., p. 276 (1885) ; Nadisefa, id., 
Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1882, p. 249 ; Baspa, Bidasfa, id., 1. c., p. 250; Vadebra, id., |. c., 1883, p. 528. 
“ Allied to Virvachola, Moore. WINGS, small. FOREWING, comparatively shorter and less 
acutely triangular in form ; exterior margin slightly convex ; furnished with a broad tuft of 
hair on the middle of the posterior margin beneath [in the male]. HINDWING, less produced 
hindwards, more convex exteriorly ; ana/ angle lobed; a single ¢az/ from the end of the 
first median nervule, male with a broad conical-shaped glandular depression between the costal 
and subcostal nervures, but which does not extend below the subcostal. a/z shorter than in 
Virachola, second joint more laxly squamose. Type, &. varuna, Horsfield,” (AZoore, 1. ¢.) 
In the forewing the costal nervure terminates at about opposite to the apex of the cell, 
the base of the second subcostal nervule is much nearer to the base of the first than to that of 
the upper discoidal nervule ; the disco-cellular nervules are nearly upright (only slightly out- 
wardly oblique), both are concave, the middle rather shorter than the lower ; the second median 
nervule originates a short distance before the lower end of the cell; male with tuft of hair as 
described by Mr. Moore ; and, in addition, there is in some species a patch of differently-formed 
scales from those on the rest of the wing on the upperside at and beyond the end of the 
