LYCANID. p RAPALA. 455 
discoidal cell. Inthe hindwing the disco-cellular nervules are outwardly oblique, straight, and 
of equal length, the second median nervule originating just before the lower end of the cell ; 
male with a glandular patch of scales placed above and against the subcostal nervure, extending 
a little distance along the base of the first subcostal nervure, usually semicircular, but variable 
both in shape and size. Eyes finely hairy. 
It will be observed from the synonomy above that I have sunk four of Mr. Moore’s 
quite modern genera. In any case Vadebra has to go, as Mr. Moore used that name twice 
in the same year for two distinct genera, its earlier application to a group of Zugle will have 
to stand (Vzde Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1883, p. 260). Ihave carefully bleached and mounted 
as microscopic slides specimens of both sexes of typical species of all these five genera. I can- 
not find a single structural character by which any one of them can be separated off from 
the rest. By general facies Ican divide the genus Rafa/a as understood by me into two 
groups ; in the first the males are all of some shade of blue on the upperside (this includes the 
true Rafalas, Bidaspa, and one species of Vadebra, viz., lankana, Moore) ; in the other group the 
males are all of some shade of red (this includes Nadzstfa, Basfa, and all the Indian species of 
Vadebra except lankana) It is probable that my Rapala ¢ara is not a true Rafgala, as it has a 
conspicuous black patch in the male in the middle of the forewing on the upperside, and also a 
large shining polished space on the inner margin of the hindwing on the underside, across which 
lies the long black tuft of hairs, which is a character found in no other species of the genus. 
Lastly there is the Deawdorzx deliochus of Hewitson, the male of which I have never seen. It 
cannot be a true Deudorix, asit has male secondary sexual characters. I do not know what genus 
to put it in, so have placed it here. It is quite aberrant in coloration and markings, the upper- 
side is very like the male of Camena icetas, Hewitson, the underside is quite peculiar, having 
four parallel white linear bands. Neither of these aberrant species can however come into 
those genera of Mr. Moore which I have discarded ; should they ultimately be found to re- 
present genera distinct from Aafala, new ones must be erected for them. I append descriptions 
of these synonymic genera as given by Mr. Moore, with some remarks of my own upon them.* 
The transformations of three species are known, viz., 2. schistacea, Moore, R. jarbas, 
Fabricius, and &. xenophon, Fabricius, and will be found detailed under the separate de- 
scriptions of those species. The first differs widely in structure from the other two. 
WING, more acuminate at the apex, male furnished with a tuft of hair on the middle of the posterior margin. 
Hinpwine, more attenuated hindwards, exterior margin slightly sinuous, a broad conical depressed glandular 
spot between the costal and subcostal nervures, Venation similar to Deudorix. Palpfi, smaller, shorter, 
second joint of more equal width, club of the axtenna shorter.” (Moore, 1. c.) Type Papilio jarbas, Fabricius. 
Nadisepfa has the neuration and male secondary sexual characters as in Basfa, Moore, but differs in the 
shape of the wings, which are broader, the forewing with the costa slightly less emarginate, the outer margin 
less inwardly oblique, the inner margin consequently longer; the hindwing has the outer margin convex, the 
abdominal margin shorter, the wing more compact, and less produced towards the anal angle. The sexes differ 
conspicuously in colour, in Basfa_ they are nearly alike. The genus contains two Indian species, NV. jarbas, 
Fabricius, and WV. xenophon, Fabricius. 
Genus Basfa, Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1882, p. 250. ‘‘ Differs from typical Deudorix (D. efijarbas, 
Moore). Mace witha less triangular form of FOREWING. H1npDwinG more oblique on the costal and exterior 
margins, the apex very convex, venation similar, FEMALE, forewing more triangular, hindwing narrower and 
less convex. Second joint of Za/fz much shorter, club of axtenma much shorter and abruptly formed. Sexes 
alike in colour.” (Moore, 1.c.) Type Papilio melampus, Cramer. ; i E 
The forewing has the costa sinuous in both sexes, being slightly emarginate in the middle, the outer margin 
very straight and oblique, the inner margin short, with, in the male only, a tuft of hairs concolorous with the 
underside of the wing attached to the margin and folded upwards, the margin at that point being slightly bowed 
outwardly. Aindwing with the outer margin very straight and oblique, slightly angled at the termination of the 
second median nervule, with, in the male only, a round glandular depression (as viewed from the upperside) placed 
against the subcostal nervure, its outer lower edge extending slightly along the base of the first subcostal nervule. 
Basfa has the same neuration and secondary sexual characters as Nadisepa, Moore, differing from the 
latter in the outline of the wings, the forewing being distinctly narrower, the costa slightly more emarginate, 
the outer margin straighter and more oblique, the inner margin shorter ; the hindwing is also distinctly narrower, 
the outer margin straighter and more oblique. The sexes are nearly alike in colour on the -upperside, the 
female being a duller brick red than the male, while in Vadzsefa the sexes differ in colour conspicuously. 
Mr. Distant places the genera Nadisefa, Baspa,and Vadebra (the latter name is preoccupied) as syno- 
syms of Deudorix. ‘The diagnoses of these genera are certainly very insufficient, but they are at once dis- 
tinzuishable from Deudorix by the presence of the secondary sexual characters above described, which Deudorix 
entirely lacks. A single species of Basfais at present known, viz., B. melampus, Cramer, which occurs more 
or less throughout India (except the desert tracts, Assam and Burma), and in Ceylon, Nias Island, and Sumatra, 
