468 LYCAINIDZE. " RAPALA, 
on either side of the disco-cellular nervules, a curved narrow discal line, almost reaching the’ 
costa, ending on the submedian nervure, outwardly defined with whitish ; an obsolete» macular: 
submarginal fascia. A¢zdwing with the disco-cellular and discal markings as in the forewing, ° 
but the latter recurved to the abdominal margin, where it is inwardly defined by a fine white 
line ; the anal lobe jet black, the round marginal spot in the first median interspace also 
jet black, and narrowly crowned with pale ochreous, the submedian interspace on the margin» 
also black but thickly irrorated with greenish scales. FEMALE. UPPERSIDE, doth wings much: 
duller, more brick red than in the male, especially on the Azdwzng, where the costa and outer 
margins are distinctly suffused with dusky. UNDERSIDE, doth wings as in the male. 
A comparative description of this species has never before been given. As it is very-near to 
R. jarbas, I have italicised those portions of the description of the male in which I have pointed’ 
out how it differs from that species. The females of the two species are easily distinguished, 
as in &. jarbas the upperside is entirely cupreous-brown, and in R. melamepus dull red. 
Although Mr. Moore described the genus Sasfa in which he places this species, he 
does not seem to have quite grasped its peculiarities, as he writes to me that the male 
has no secondary sexual characters, and has identified as Madisepa jarbasa male of Baspa 
melampus, and aS amale of 2B. melampus that which is clearly a female. The only authority 
for the species is Cramer’s figure, in which the sinuosity of the costa of the forewing is 
shown in a somewhat exaggerated mantier, and the inner margin as slightly dusky, which 
is not correct. In other respects the figure is a good one. Horsfield was led away by the inner 
margin of the forewing of Cramer’s figure being shown dusky to place me/ampus as a syno- 
nym of xezophon, Fabricius, but in this_he is clearly wrong, as the figure in question shows the 
hindwing to be entirely red at the base, while in xexophor it is broadly black. 
R. melampus does not appear to be a common speciesanywhere. It occurs in the Western 
Himalayas on the lower outer ranges, but strangely enough not in Sikkim, where it is replaced 
by &. yarbas. It occurs almost throughout the plains of India, from Calcutta to Bombay and 
southwards to Travancore ; and Mr. Fairlie obtained a single male in July at Jaffna in Ceylon, 
which is a new locality for it. It does not occur in the arid plains of Sind and Rajputaria, 
nor, as far as I know, in Assam or Burma. Herr N. M. Kheil records it from Nias Island,* 
and Herr P. C. T. Snellen from Sumatrat. 
1007. Rapala jarbas, Fabricius. 
Papilio iarbus, Fabricius, Mant. Ins., vol. ii, p. 68, n. 648 (1787) ; Hesperia jarbas, id., Ent. Syst, vol. iii, 
pt. 1, p. 276, n. 65 (1793) ; Papilio jarbas, Donovan, Ins. Ind., pl. xl, fig. 3, ale (1800) ; Polyommatus jarbasy 
Godart, Enc. Méth., vol. ix, p. 646, n. 108 (1823) ; Thecla jarbas, Horsfield, Cat. Lep. E. I. C., p. 93, n. 26, 
pl. iv, figs. 2, larva; 2a, pupa; 26-e, structure of imago (1829) ; Nadisepa jarbas, Moore, Proc. Zool. Soe. 
Lond., 1882, p. 249; idem, id., Journ. Linn. Soc. Lond., Zoology, vol. xxi, p. 43 (1885) ; Deudorix jarbas, 
Distant, Rhop. Malay., p. 278, n. 1, pl. xxiv, fig. 15, male ; pl. xx, fig. 26, female (1885) ; Dipsas melampus,’ 
Horsfield and Moore (ec Cramer), Cat. Lep. Mus. E. I. C., vol. i, p. 32, n. 39, pl. i, figs. 2, larva; 2a, pupa 
(1857) ; Deudorix melampus, Butler, Cat. Fab. Lep. B. M., p. 181, n. 5 (1869). 
HasitTat : Siam (Hadricius), N.-W. Himalayas, Mergui (JZore),. Sikkim, Bhutan, Assam, 
Burma, Malay Peninsula. 
EXPANSE: 6, 9, 1'3 to 16 inches. 
DESCRIPTION: “ MALE. UPPERSIDE, doth wings brilliant reddish-brown, inclining to 
scarlet. Forewing with broad blackish-brown borders, more diffused towards the tip and the. 
costal portion of the base, gradually diminishing in breadth towards the inner apical angle 5 
medial nervures black and prominent. Azzdwing narrow and lengthened, the ground-colour 
being uniformly diffused over the whole surface toa very narrow black marginal thread ; 
anal appendage tipt externally with black, and surrounded, within the brown ci/za, by a white’ 
thread extending also towards the tail. UNDERSIDE, doth wings satin-gray, with a faint. 
glaucous cast, varying in intensily of tint in different individuals ; on the disc stands a short 
* Rhop. Ins. Nias, p. 33, n. 117 (1884). + Midden-Sumatra, Lep., p. 2%. 
