LYCANIDA. RAPALA. 469 
oblong double streak consisting of two parallel grayish-brown liturze with a medial and two 
lateral narrow white:lines ; between this and the posterior margin a more saturated brown 
band pervades both wings, being nearly regular until it reaches the anal region [of the hind- 
wing], where, after a sudden flexure, it stretches directly across towards the internal margin, 
being bordered with a white striga exteriorly in the forewing and on both sides in the hind- 
wing, the tint becoming more intense as the band approaches the anal region, having a bright 
silvery lustre in well-preserved specimens ; the extreme anal angle is ornamented with two 
regularly round deep black ocellate spots, the exterior one being bordered internally with a 
brilliant orange lunule, the interior one, somewhat larger in size, covering the anal appendage, 
and being surrounded by a delicate white ring ciliated posteriorly ; the intermediate space is 
occupied by a roundish group of greenish silvery atoms, bedded ona blackish patch, which 
sends off obliquely a narrow streak towards the inner margin. Body testaceous-brown above, 
gray underneath, and covered on both sides with delicate silky hairs ; aztenne@ annulated, the 
club has a ferruginous tip ; ¢az7 black with a whitish extremity. FEMALE. Uppersipr, dofh 
wings saturated testaceous with a slight cupreous lustre, the colour being uniformly diffused 
over the surface, increasing in strength towards the margins, but without defined borders,” 
“ Thecla [= Rapala] jarbas is at least one-fifth larger than [X.] vexophon, Fabricius, the 
longitudinal extent is also proportionally greater, and the general outline of the surface of 
the expanded insect ismore regularly triangular ; the ground-colour of the upperside, in the 
male, inclines to fulvous, the exterior and posterior borders alone are brown, and the latter 
decreases gradually in breadth to the inner apical angle ; the hindwing is entirely without 
any black discoloration towards the base ; in the female a saturated testaceous tint, with a 
slight cast of metallic yellow, extends uniformly over the surface, with a very gradual increase 
of strength towards the margins. Several minute peculiarities of the underside in each 
species have been detailed in the preceding descriptions ; and here I have only to note the 
brilliant orange lunule over the exterior anal ocellus, which affords a permanent characteristic 
distinction of [X.]jardas. In[R.] xenophon the forewing is slightly rounded at the external 
apical angle ; the exterior margin has a very slight sinuosity, and the general contour is some- 
what broader than in [2] javbas ; the ground-colour of both wings on the upperside [in 2. 
xenophon] is more saturated, with less of a fulvous shade ; the forewing is enclosed with 
borders on all sides, the interior, as well as the exterior and posterior border is dark brown ; the 
borders generally are broader, have a deeper tint, and the exterior costal projection is more 
prominent ; the hindwing has a large black spot in the middle of the exterior margin, extending 
to the base, and gradually diffusing itself over the veins ; onthe underside the exterior ocellus 
is comparatively small, obsolete, oblong, or irregularly defined, bedded in a circular ring of the 
marginal band, but never provided interiorly with a fulvous arch: the female has above an 
uniform deep blackish-brown colour without any yellowish shade.” (ovsfeld, 1. c.) 
Larva ochreous, considerably marked with black, ornamented with a subdorsal and a 
lateral series of tubercles bearing thick brushes of short black bristly hairs; the head con- 
spicuous, all the segments of nearly equal width, the larva flattened, the constrictions between 
the segments not very prominent. Pupa brownish-ochreous sprinkled with black dots, 
smooth, naked, of the usual lyczenid shape, the head rounded, the thorax slightly humped 
in the middle, the abdomen ending ina sharp point. These descriptions are drawn up from 
Dr. Horsfield’s figures of the transformations of this species as exhibited in Java, and given in 
the Cat. Lep. Mus. E. 1. C. 
** Papilio [Rapala] jarbus differs from the typical P. [2.] *elampus, Cramer, in having 
blackened veins to the forewing ; Donovan’s figure is not characteristic.” (Buzzer, 1. c.) 
Mr. Moore records this species from the N.-W. Himalayas. This is almost certainly 
incorrect, no specimen from that region having been seen by me ; if correct, it is the only locality 
where R. jarbas and R. melampus occur together. 2. jarbas is found commonly in Sikkim, both 
in the lower hills and in the Tarai, Mr. Otto Moller possessing specimens taken in July, October 
