470 LYCANIDA. VIRACHOLA. 
beyond the disc, extending across the whole surface attenuated and tending slightly to the 
inner apical angle, with an irregularly waving posterior margin ; the third somewhat narrower 
than the former consists of adjoining spots, and extends in a gentle curve over the exterior 
portion of the wing. Azdwing has an oval spot near the base in contact with the costa, 
then a broad irregularly-interrupted band passing in an arch across the surface, composed 
near the costa of subconfluent maculz, but on the disc and near the inner margin of several 
successive pairs of distinct oval spots; behind the disc a series of brown arcs margined 
with yellow forms a curved band which extends over the whole surface, being simple near the 
exterior margin, but consisting of a double series of parallel arcs more deeply tinctured as 
they approach the inner margin ; beyond this follows a delicate brown thread which extends 
flexuose across the entire wing, forming an inner boundary to a series of oblong spots close 
to and parallel with the margin, which is continued in the anal region by two deep black ocelli, 
one at each side of the base of the tail, an oblong spot of the same colour marking the anal 
appendage, all these being adorned individually, at their internal edge, by a delicate streak 
of greenish silvery irrorations. Body black above, covered with a white down underneath. 
Antenne black with a ferruginous tip, sprinkled with a beautiful snow-white powder under 
neath to the base of the club, gradually increasing in intensity of tint exteriorly. Zaz? uniformly 
bright orange, with a medial nerve of the same colour, and a delicate fringe at the sides and 
tip of a paler tint.” (Horsfield, |. c.) “ FEMALE. UPPERSIDE, doth wings olive-brown, 
insome aspects glossy aénescent-brown. Aindwing with the anal area and /az/ white, a large 
black spot at the outer base of the tail, anda black-speckled spot on the anal lobe. UNDER- 
SIDE, both wings white, marked as in the male.” (AZoore, 1. ¢. in Lep. Cey.) 
The male of B, sugriva is easily enough recognised by the blue fascia on the upperside 
of the hindwing, but I can find no character by which to distinguish the female of this species 
from that of B. phocedes, Fabricius. Mr. G. F. Hampson has taken &. sugriva on the Nil- 
giris from 2,000 to 4,000 feet elevation, Mr. Harold S. Ferguson finds it rarely in Travancore, 
in Ceylon it occurs at “ Kandy and Galle. Male plentiful in the Botanical Gardens at Kandy, 
Difficult to capture, as they settle very high and are rather shy ” (Wade). 
Genus 174.—VIRACHOLA, Moore. (FRONTISPIECE). 
Virachola, Moore, Lep Cey., vol. i, p. 104 (1881), 
* Allied to Deudorix, Hewitson. FOREWING, comparatively more triangular, costa longer, 
exterior margin more oblique, fosterior margin in the male convexly produced towards the 
base and furnished beneath with a broad tuft of long hairs ; veivs similar to those in Deudorix, 
but the third and fifth subcostal nervules emitted from the end of the discoidal cell, the second 
and first median nervules somewhat nearer the end of the cell, the swdmedian nervure straight. 
HINDWING, more convex along the costa, which in the male has a large rounded depressed 
roughened glandular space extending from beneath the costal nervure across the two sub- 
costal nervules to the upper part ofthe cell, both the subcostal nervules being grooved within 
the depressed area. Type V. perse, Hewitson.” (Afoore, |. c.) 
In the forewing the costal nervure extends to some little distance beyond the apex of the 
discoidal cell, which is an unusual feature ; in the male the second subcostal and upper discoidal 
nervules may be said to have almost a common origin at the apex of the cell, in the female 
the second subcostal originates long before the apex of the cell, about midway between the bases 
of the first subcostal and upper discoidal nervules ; the third subcostal nervule is long and does 
not reach the apex of the wing ; the middle disco-cellular meets the upper discoidal nervule just 
after the origin of the latter, and is about half as long as the lower disco-cellular, both are con- 
cave and upright ; the second median nervule originates some little distance before the lower end 
of the cell ; the submedian nervure is very sinuous in the male, straight in the female ; in the 
male there is a tuft of hairs as described by Mr. Moore turned upwards from the inner margin, 
the roots of the hairs on the margin ; the latter is very sinuous, In the hindwing the glandular 
