490 LYCAINID. LIPHYRA: 
reaching the middle of the wing, much produced at its inferior [lower] angle ; the Jirst subcostal 
nevvule rather close to the end of the cell; the primary [costa/] nervure bent at its origin 3 
the medzan nervure distinctly bent at the origin of the second branch. Thorax slightly convex ; 
abdomen (of the female) rather short and very stout ; /egs short, very thick, hind tibiz nearly 
equal to the femora, hind (arsi very stout, shorter than the tibiz.” 
“The most remarkable form in the family, owing to the extraordinarily powerful 
structure which distinguishes all the parts ; it reminds one of the Castniide in respect to the 
scales, however it is most nearly allied to the genus Amblypodia, Horsfield.” (Felder, 1. c.) 
*“ Bopy, very short and robust ; /egs robust ; eves large ; falpt minute ; antenne gradu- 
ally thickened from the middle to the apex. FOREWING, subtriangular, costal margin oblique 
and slightly arcked ; over margin convex ; 7es margin sinuated and coarsely hirsute ; costal 
nervure extending to about the middle of the costal margin ; first subcostal nervule emitted 
a little distance beyond the middle of the cell, sezond subcostal emitted at about half the dis- 
tance from the apex of the cell as its base is from that of the first subcostal ; ¢hzvd and fourth 
subcostals bifurcating at about one-third the distance between the end of the cell and the 
apex of the wing; base of the wffer discoédal nervule united with the subcostal nervure a 
little beyond the end of the cell ; d¢sco-cel//ar nervules robust, slightly concave. HINDWING, 
somewhat elongately ovate 3 foster7or margin younded and convex ; costal nervure extending 
to about the apex of the wing ; fist subcostal nervule emitted at about one-third before the 
end of the cell ; discotdal cell very broad: second and first median nervules with their bases 
twice as wide apart as the distance separating the bases of the third and second.” 
** This unique genus is known only by one species, which is probably the largest and 
most robust butterfly found in the whole of the Lycenide, Its geographical area can at pre- 
sent be only estimated by that of its sole representative.’ (D¢stazt, 1, c.) 
In the forewing the costa is gently arched, the outer margin from the apex of the wing 
to the termination of the third median nervule is almost straight, very slightly convex, then 
in the male cut out between the apices of the third and first median nervules, then straight ta 
the anal angle, in the female the outer margin is slightly convex from the apex of the third 
median neryule to the inner angle ; inner margin slightly bowed outwards near the base ; 
the costal nervure terminates well beyond the apex of the discoidal cell, the second subcostal 
nervule has its base about equidistant between the bases of the first subcostal and upper dis- 
coidal nervules, the third subcostal has its origin exactly midway between the base of the 
first subcostal nervule and the apex of the wing, the fourth subcostal is short and originates 
midway between the base of the third subcostal and the apex of the wing ; the terminal portion 
of the costal nervure ends on the outer margin below the apex of the wing ; the upper 
discoidal nervule is given off from the subcostal nervure a little beyond the apex of the cell; 
the discoidal cell is very narrow ; the disco-cellular nervules nearly erect, but the lower disco- 
cellular is suddenly bent outwards near its posterior end, and is rather longer than the middle 
disco-cellular ; the bases of the median nervules equidistant, the third from the lower end of 
the cell. Hindwing with the costa strongly angled one-third from the base, thence straight 
to the apex which is acute, the outer margin evenly rounded, the abdominal margin 
excavated above the anal angle, giving the wing a somewhat lobed appearance ; the discoidal 
cell is very broad, divided into two unequal portions, the anterior the smaller, by a strong fold 
which joins the upper disco-cellular nervule a little posterior to its middle, the upper disco- 
cellular very concave, a good deal shorter than the lower, which latter is strongly outwardly 
oblique ; the second median nervule has its origin a little before the lower end of the cell. 
Professor Westwood and Dr. Felder in their original diagnoses of this genus distinctly say 
that there are four subcostal nervules (with both of whom I agree in not counting the ter- 
minal portion of the subcostal nervure as an additional subcostal nervule) to the forewing, while 
Mr. Distant (Khop. Malay., p. 197), who counts the terminal portion of the subcostal nervure as 
