■ North Ainerican IleUcidce. 45 



latter, being an Introduced species {II. cdlaria Miill.), common 

 only near the sea shore in cellars and gardens, is not found." 



Dr. Gould, in his " Report on the Invertebrata of Massachu- 

 setts" (1841), expresses the same views as Dr. Binney ; he says, 

 " there can be no doubt that the II. fjlaphyra of Say is identical 

 with the II. cdlaria of Miiller ; a comparison of shells of the 

 same size and growth showing them to be absolutely similar in 

 every respect." 



He adds, " It seems as yet to be confined to the North East- 

 ern and Middle States. The shell which is very commonly 

 found marked as II. (jlaphyra is the II. inornata Say, in an 

 immature state. This is a less delicate shell, but in its earlier 

 stages, when there is but a small umbilicus, there is no incon- 

 siderable resemblance between the two, and it would accord 

 well with the description ; but no one familiar with the present 

 species would ever mistake one for the other." 



Dr. Binney was probably influenced by Dr. Grifiith's opinion 

 as to the identity of II glaplujra and II. cellaria, but seems to 

 have arrived at that conclusion rather from the assumed 

 habitat of Say's specimen, than after critical study of his de- 

 scription. 



Say states that the shell M^as taken in Mr. Ord's garden, but 

 Mr. Ord has recently informed Mr. W. G. Binney that he found 

 the single specimen, without the animal in it, on his wharf. 



Dr. Binney, speaking of II. cellaria., says, "This is the shell 

 which was found by Mr. Say in gardens in the city of Philadel- 

 phia, and by him described as II, glapliyra^ 



This is not only erroneous in fact, but conveys the equally 

 erroneous impression that living specimens Q>i II. cellaria were 

 collected by Say in Philadelphia. So far as I have been able 

 to ascertain, II. cellaria has never been found in that city, or 

 even in the State of Pennsylvania; only in the New^ England 

 States. 



Dr. Binney and Dr. Gould, having under such circumstances 

 pronounced Say's species to be identical with II. cellaria, insist 



