274 NATURAL SCIENCE. October. 



of the illustrations are clear and of practical value. There is a short 

 Hst of the leading books and journals relating to apiculture, and to 

 many of these, especially to Cheshire's well-known work, the author 

 acknowledges his indebtedness. O. H. L. 



The Shade-Tree Insect Problem. By L. O. Howard. Pp 24. From Year 

 Book of the United States Department of Agriculture. Washington, 1896. 



A SHORT but most excellently illustrated pamphlet on the " Shade- 

 Tree Insects " of the eastern United States, by Mr. L. O. Howard, 

 contains descriptions of the insects which have been found most 

 injurious to trees in the streets, parks, and gardens of certain 

 American cities. These are three native moths — a psychid (Thyvi- 

 dopteyyx ephemmvifonnis), a tussock [Orgyia leucostignia), and an 

 " ermine " (Hyphantna cunea) and an imported European beetle 

 (Galenicella Ititeola). After pointing out the various remedies to be 

 applied, the writer suggests that, where the city authorities are slow 

 to move in attacking the insect devastators, the citizens should form 

 a tree-protection league, and each inhabitant undertake to clear the 

 insects from the trees in front of his own residence. 



Some Serials. 



In the Boletim de la Sociedad Geographia de Lima for the concluding 

 period of 1895, J^st to hand, the valuable " Contributions to the Study 

 of the Flora of the Peruvian Corvillices," by John Ball, deals with 

 the composites, asclepias, gentians, heliotropes, etc. Manuel Garcia 

 y Merino publishes a paper on the common names of Peruvian plants, 

 which should be of much value to travellers. The other portions of 

 the Boletim are taken up by geographical papers and an important 

 discussion on the languages of the central Andean region by Dr. 

 Leonardo Villar. The Aymara, Cauqui, Yunca, and Puquina dialects 

 are dealt with, and the paper concludes with an examination into the 

 antiquity of the Keshna, and the question whether this may be a 

 primitive language, as Dr. Villar supposes. 



We have often occasion to refer to the Photograni, that bright 

 monthly published by Dawbarn & Ward. The issue for September 

 is more than usually attractive, as it contains an appreciation of Mr. 

 Hay Cameron, with specimens of his work, and a paper on photo- 

 graphy in natural colours, in which Mr. Anderson, of Albany, N.Y., 

 claims to be the original inventor and improver of the method we 

 described in August (Natural Science, vol. ix., p. 87). The piece 

 de resistance, however, is the article " Beauty Spots of London," illus- 

 trated by charming and artistic views of St. Paul's, the Thames 

 Embankment, the Bluecoat School, the Thames at Lambeth, Epping 

 Forest, and others, especially a still moonhght scene " Westminster by 

 Night." 



The Scottish Geographical Magazine for August contains a valuable 

 article on the Island of Formosa, by the Rev. W. Campbell, of 

 Tainanfu, with a map on a scale of about twenty miles to the inch. 



The Westminster Review occasionally contains articles which come 

 within our province. In the August number there is such a one, by 

 Walter Nathan, on the influence of the Stomach upon the Mind. 

 The writer sensibly remarks that he would place no restrictions, 

 beyond keeping to the one essential, that of taking food in such 

 quantities and at such times as will best maintain mental and bodily 

 capacity. He advocates a substantial breakfast, a very light lunch, 



