1896. OBITUARY. 341 



utmost energies to collecting the necessary materials. But, situated 

 in Melbourne, he was unable to do the very necessary work of 

 comparison with the type-plants deposited in various European 

 herbaria. The task was therefore allotted to George Bentham, who in 

 his general preface to the work warmly recognises the invaluable 

 assistance received from Mueller in the form both of notes and of 

 dried specimens. This help is also acknowledged by the insertion of 

 Mueller's name on the title-page. 



One of his greatest services to economic botany was his indication 

 of the value of the Australian gum-tree {Eucalyptus) in combating 

 malarial fevers, and it was on his advice that the tree has been so 

 extensively and efficaciously planted in many malaria-haunted districts 

 of Southern Europe and America. 



NICHOLAS RUEDINGER. 

 Born March 25, 1832. Died August 24, 1896. 



DR. RUEDINGER was born at Biidesheim, in Hesse, and studied 

 medicine at Heidelberg and Giessen. He was appointed Pro- 

 sector at the Anatomical Institute of Munich in 1855, and was pre- 

 sented to a professional chair at the University in 1880. He was 

 successful in applying photography to the purpose of anatomical illus- 

 tration, and invented a new method of preparing objects for use in 

 anatomical and surgical instruction. Although best known as a 

 human anatomist, he contributed to general anatomy a paper on the 

 speech centre and on the brain of the apes. Ruedinger died at 

 Tutzing, Bavaria, according to the Daily Chronicle, to which journal 

 we are indebted for some of the above particulars. 



The August number of the Alpine Journal contains a sympathetic 

 notice, by Dr. F. A. Forel, of the late Captain Marshall Hall, who 

 was born in London, February 6, 183 1, and died at Parkstone, Dorset, 

 April 14, 1896. He was educated at Eton and Caius College, 

 Cambridge, and served his apprenticeship in the Alps by making the 

 first passage of the New Weissthor from Zermatt, in 1849. In 1867 

 he made the second traverse of the Aiguille de I'Eboulement, and 

 from 1878 to 1884 he resided in Switzerland, making ascents of peaks 

 and observations on the glaciers of the high Alps. He was one of 

 the Alpine Club Committee for studying the oscillations of the glaciers 

 in the British Empire and elsewhere, and in 1895 he initiated the 

 formation of a committee of the International Geological Congress 

 for the study of the variation of the glaciers of the world. On this 

 latter subject Captain Marshall Hall contributed a paper to our pages 

 in January, 1895. He was a frequent visitor to the meetings of the 

 Geological Society and the Geologists' Association, and his keenness 

 and insight will be much missed. 



