The Fauna of the Sound. 
Abstracted by F. A. Barner from the Swedish of Dr. EINAR LONNBERG. 
In two papers, entitled “ Undersokningar norande Oresunds djurlif,” 
and “ Fortsatta undersdékningar,” etc., and issued as Meddelanden fran 
Kongl-Landthruksstyrelsen, Nos. 43 and 49 (Upsala, 1898 and 1899), 
Dr. Einar Lénnberg has published the results of some researches made 
by him during June 1896, July 1897, and August and September 
1898, under the auspices of the Swedish Office of Agriculture 
(Landtbruksstyrelsen). The language in which these papers are 
written, as well as the place of their publication, must prevent the 
majority of English readers from appreciating their considerable in- 
terest. The following attempt to present Dr. Lonnberg’s general con- 
clusions may therefore have some value. 
Oresund is the narrow tract of water that divides Scania, the 
southern province of Sweden, from Sjilland, the island on which 
Copenhagen stands. Travellers from Denmark to Sweden cross its 
southern end as they go by steamer from Copenhagen to Malmo, while 
its northern opening is seen by the visitor to Elsinore. The Sound, 
as we usually call it, forms one of the connections between two 
sharply separated provinces of marine life—the brackish Baltic and 
the salt Kattegat. From the biological point of view it must be 
restricted within rather narrower limits than those usually assigned to it. 
Dr. Lonnberg draws the northern boundary from Hellebaek, a little 
north of Elsinore, to the projecting reef of Hittarp on the opposite 
Swedish coast. The southern boundary is marked by a broad bank 
stretching across by the islands of Saltholm and Amager, just south 
of Malm6 and Copenhagen. 
It is of course the case that the Sound, no less than the neigh- 
bouring seas, has been the subject of investigation by many naturalists. 
The Germans, for example, have their “ Kommission zur wissenschatft- 
lichen Untersuchung der Deutschen Meere in Kiel,” together with the 
“Biologische Anstalt auf Helgoland”; Denmark has published “ Det 
videnskablige Udbytte af Kanonbaaden ‘ Hauchs’ Togter i de Danske 
Have inden for Skagen,” and the reports of Dr. C. G. J. Petersen from 
“Den Danske biologiske Station”; while the Norwegian “ Nordhavs- 
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