288 ERIS FLAGS [ocTOBER 1899 
four ina row. The content of the thymus is a connective tissue meshwork 
with included leucocytes, besides Hassall’s corpuscles, and sometimes fine 
capillaries. 
THE SauriAN DiapHracM. fF. Hocusterrer. “Ueber partielle und 
totale Scheidewandbildung zwischen Pleurahéhle und Peritonealhéhle bei 
einigen Sauriern,” Morph. Jahrb. xxvii. 1899, pp. 263-298, 1 pl. and 6 figs. 
The question has often been raised whether the mammalian diaphragm—the 
diaphragma dorsale—is a distinct and independent structure. Goette and 
others have contributed to the answer. In the paper before us Herr 
Hochstetter shows from studies of Stellio vulgaris, Lacerta agilis, and other 
lizards, that there are Anlagen present which furnish adequate basis for the 
evolution of the mammalian structure, and also for the very different diaphragm 
of embryo-birds. 
GREEN Picments. Marion I. Newsicin. ‘On the affinities of the 
enterochromes,” Zool. Anzeig. xxii. 1899, pp. 325-328. While acid acts on an 
alcoholic extract of green leaves in such a way as to produce the pigment 
phyllocyanin, which is insoluble in alcohol and ether, its action on an alcoholic 
extract of green Algae results in the production of a pigment which is 
exceedingly soluble in alcohol, and does not therefore precipitate from acidified 
alcoholic solutions unless a considerable amount of water be added. In its 
colour and fluorescence, in its spectrum, in its changes in colour and spectrum 
on the addition of acid, in its solubilities, the pigment shows a remarkable 
resemblance to the enterochromes. ‘lhis resemblance is such that, taken in 
conjunction with the recent observations and conclusions of Dr. M‘Munn in the 
case of “enterochlorophyll,” and with the fact that that pigment occurs in the 
faeces of Patella, it seems to justify the conclusion that ‘‘ enterochlorophyll ” at 
least is an acid derivative of chlorophyll, produced by the action of the 
digestive juices on the chlorophyll of the food. Whether the other enterochromes, 
and notably chaetopterin, are produced in the same way, cannot as yet be 
determined. There can, however, be no doubt that the enterochromes are at 
least closely related to the pigment produced by the action of acid on the 
chlorophyll of green Algae. 
WANDERINGS OF WARBLES. P. Koorevaar. “The larval stage of Hypo- 
derma bovis,” Ann. Nat. Hist. iv. 1899, pp. 69-73. Translated by E. E. 
Austen from 7Z%jdschrift der Nederlandsche Dierkundige Ver. v. 1898, pp. 
29-34. Various experiments intended to throw light on the obscure corners of 
this life-history have led Mr. Koorevaar to the opinion that the young larvae of 
Hypoderma bovis at first pass beneath the skin ; and thence betake themselves 
to the spinal canal and other places, to return later into the subeutis, and there 
undergo further development under the well-known conditions. 
Luminous Oreans. Leopotp Josann. ‘Ueber eigenthiimliche epi- 
theliale Gebilde (Leuchtorgane) bei Spinax niger,” Zeitschr. wiss, Zool. \xvi. 
1899, pp. 136-160, 2 pls. and 1 fig. Brown or black spots on the skin of this 
fish turn out to be luminous organs. Their origin is like that of skin-glands ; 
their elements are differentiated as luminous cells and lens-cells; their lumin- 
osity was observed by Dr. Th. Beer. 
A STRANGE CREATURE BROUGHT To LicHt. CHARLES Minor BLACK- 
rorD. ‘A Curious Salamander,” Nature, Ix. 1899, pp. 389-390, 2 figs. 
[Letter]. From an artesian well, sunk 188 feet in limestone, near San Marcos 
in Texas, various white and blind crustaceans have been obtained. Even more 
striking, however, is a salamander, believed to represent a new genus and 
species. It has been named 7'yphlomolge rathbuni. It is from 3 to 43 inches 
in length, and dingy white in colour, except on the external gills where the red 
blood shines through. The eyes are completely covered by the skin, but are 
seen from the outside as two black specks. 
