T HE LEPIDOPTERIST 43 



North Dakota. The North Dakota specimens appear to be 

 exactly hke eastern except for more serrate tip to valvae 

 where there is one or two rather longer spines than usual. 

 The markings of the North Dakota specimens are very 

 similar to those from the Rocky Mountains, yet the genitalia 

 are entirely distinct. Possibly with the series of slides and 

 a long series of specimens there might be minute differences 

 in the markings, but they are not apparent at present. 



In Bedford, Mass. I took typical crocataria flying about 

 in the dense wooods among the brake ferns, and it also 

 ccmes to light readily. There are sometimes two, possibly 

 three, species occurring in the same state, and no doubt this 

 has lead to confusion. Then again some of the species 

 are double brooded but there are only minute differences in the 

 genitalia here. For convenience I have called the upper and 

 lower edge of the valvae, upper and lower costa. Sometimes 

 the lower costa in certain species is smooth without serra- 

 tions in other species it is very serrate. However, too much 

 stress should not be laid on this as I find in apparently double 

 brooded forms one brood may have the costa more serrate 

 than the other. The penis is very reliable, the shape and 

 character of spines being important. The horn, or ceros, 

 as I have termed it, at base of lower costa is another very 

 important character. The shape of the valvae and harpe 

 carry some weight but vary some in the same specimens. 

 However, possibly more slides might give more definite re- 

 sults. 



I cannot give the life histories of the new species so T will 

 give here the references in regard to crocataria Fabricius 

 as we have known it in the past, and in some cases they may 

 apply to the new forms. I am greatly indebted to my kind 

 friends Dr. Barnes and McDunnough, Watson and Lutz of 

 the the American Museum, New York, Jacob Doll of the 

 Brooklyn Institute, Dr. H. G. Dyar of the National Museum, 

 and Samuel E. Cassino, for loan of large series of specimens 

 which has made this paper possible. Also Mr. Nathan Banks 

 has helped me greatly in the loan of specimens from the 

 Museum of Comparative Zoology, and with suggestions in 

 regard to nomenclature and literature. Mr. S. E. Cassino 

 of Salem, Mass. who drew many of the plates for Packard 

 in his Monograph of the Geometrids, executed the plates and 



