MADEIRAN GROUP. 73 



Habitat Maderam ; ' in hortis cultisque circa Funchal, 

 passim. 



This European Tetitacella, which occurs likewise in the 

 Azorean and Canarian groups, is found occasionally in gardens 

 and other cultivated spots around Funchal, though seldom in any 

 abundance. I have taken it at the Val ; and it is reported by 

 the Baron Paiva from S. Gronjalo and Camara de Lobos. Mr. 

 . Lowe also met with it, on several occasions, in iJr. Kenton's 

 garden at the Val Quinta, as well as near S. Martinho. 



The animal of the T. Ilaugei, which gradually tapers 

 anteriorly and possesses no shield, and which carries the shell 

 on its posterior extremity (where it conceals the respiratory 

 aperture), is of a livid black (sometimes with a faint picescent 

 tinge), and the edge of its yjedal disk (as seen from above) is 

 gradually of a pale salmon colour, — tlie darker hue of the rest 

 of the surface passing into it (not abruptly, but) by means of a 

 number of minute darkish specks. The surface is much 

 roughened (somewhat after the manner of very coarse sealskin), 

 and marked with a number of irregular grooves or reticulations 

 (arranged rather like lattice-work) and with three longitudinal 

 ones (occasionally distinct, but often rendered obsolete by the 

 movements of the creature) running down the dorsal region. It has 

 the power of emitting an extraordinary pile of froth, or mucus, 

 from its subapical orifice beneath the shell, which takes usually 

 a globular form, and appears much like a cluster of very minute 

 soap-bubbles. 



The shell (which is somewhat Ancyliform, or limpet-like) of 

 this Testacella is externally of a pale dingy olivaceous-yellow, 

 or yellowish-brown, thick in substance, opake^ generally a good 

 deal eroded and decorticated, and coai'sely but irregularly striate 

 with a few deeply-impressed lines of growth ; but inside its 

 enormous aperture (which is nearly oblong, with the sides 

 almost parallel, and with a slight emargination or sinus at the 

 upper angle of the outer lip) it is shining, whitish, and pear-like, 

 sometimes reflecting an indistinct opaline lustre. 



Testacella haliotidea. 



Testacella haliotidea, Drap., Tahl. des Moll. 99 (1801) 

 „ „ Loive, Caonbr. Phil. S. Trans, iv. 40 



(1831) 

 „ „ W. et B., Ann. des Sc. Nat. 28 syn. 



(1833) 

 d'Orb., in W. et B. Hist. 49 (1839) 

 „ „ Loive, Proc. Zool. Soc. Load. 163 



(1854) 

 „ „ Paiva, Mon. Moll. Mad. 5 (1867) 



