MADEIRAX GROUP. 79 



sertam Australem ; frequens sub lapidibus, prsecipue in cultis. 

 Forsan ex Eiiropa introducta. 



The common European H. cellaria (which occurs likewise 

 in the Azorean and Canarian archipelagos, and even at St. 

 Helena) is tolerably abundant, chiefly at rather low elevations 

 and about cultivated grounds, in Madeira proper ; but I am not 

 aware that it has yet been observed in Porto Santo. It is 

 recorded, however, by the Baron Paiva, from the Southern 

 Deserta, — a habitat, nevertheless, concerning which I cannot 

 but feel that we require further evidence. In all probability it 

 has estabKshed itself, accidentally, from more northern latitudes. 



(§ Crygtallus, Lowe.) 



Hyalina crystallina. 



Helix crystallina. Mull., Verm. Hist. ii. 23 (1774) 

 „ „ Loiue, Cambr. Phil. S. Trans, iv. 47 (1831) 



„ „ Id., Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 178 (1854) 



„ „ Alb., Mai. Mad. 17. t. 2. f. 18-21 (1854) 



„ „ Morel., Hist. Xat. des Agar. 167 (1860) 



„ „ Paiva, Mon. Moll. Mad. 22 (1867) 



Hyalina crystallina, Mouss., Faun. Mai. des Can. 17 (1872) 

 Helix crystallina, Watson, Journ. de Conch. 222 (1876) 



Habitat Maderam, et Desertam Australem (ab hac a B. de 

 Paiva recepta) ; hioc inde in graminosis, sub lapidibus, Etiam 

 semifossilis in calcareis juxta Canifal a Eevdo. E. B. Watson 

 semel lecta. 



The European H. ci^jstallina, ^Nliill., which is found like- 

 wise in the Azorean and Canarian archipelagos (indeed I have 

 myself met with it in Fuerteventura, Teneriffe, Palma, and 

 Hierro, of the latter), is widely spread throughout Madeira 

 proper, though nowhere very abundant ; and it has been re- 

 corded by the Baron Paiva from the Southern Deserta, or 

 Bugio. It occurs generally in grassy places, beneath stones; 

 often also in gardens, and other cultivated gi'ounds. I have 

 not, myself, observed it in a subfossil condition ; but the Eev. 

 E. B. Vatson states {Journ. de Conch. 222 ; 1876) that he 

 obtained a single example of it in the calcareous deposits near 

 Canifal. 



(§ Yermetum, Woll.) 



Hyalina scintilla. 

 Helix scintilla, Loice, Ann. Nat. Hist. 115 (1852) 

 „ „ Id., Proc. Zool. Soc. lond. 177 (1854) 



„ „ Alb., Med. Mad. 18. t. 2. f. 22-25 (1854) 



„ „ Paiva, Mon. Moll. Mad. 23 (1867) 



