MADEIRAN GROUP. 225 



minutely, obsoletely, and obliquely) striated surface of tliis 

 lar^e Pupa, added to its somewhat flattened volutions, and its 

 rather open, laterally-rounded aperture, which has the whole 

 five plaits except the first ventral one remote and immersed, 

 and the lateral denticle but very slightly thickened or developed 

 (causing the sinus to be rather wide and unclosed behind), and 

 the first ventral plait connected with the angle of the lip by a 

 corneous sphincter, will sufficiently separate it from its allies. 



The P. recta is a species which occurs almost exclusivelv, so 

 far as I am aware, around the roots and amongst the dried leaves 

 of the masses of the Sempervivura tahulcBforme which stud 

 the faces of the rocks, particularly towards the coast, in various 

 districts of Madeira proper, — though for the most part at a 

 rather low elevation, and in the north of the island. In such 

 situations it often abounds, in company with the P. fusaa and 

 the ' var. a. rupestris ' of the P. sphinctostoina, on the sea-cliffs 

 below Sao Vicente and towards the Eibeira da Janella, and 

 indeed along the whole range of the northern shore. 



Pupa macilenta. 

 Pupa macilenta, Lowe, Ann. Xat. Hist. ix. (1852) 

 „ recta, var. /3., Pfeif-^ ^^^i- ^^i- iii- ^^^ (1853) 

 „ macilenta, Loire, Proc. Zool. Soc. Load. 210 ( 1854) 

 „ recta, var. ^., AW., Mai. Mad. 66 (1854:) 

 „ recta, var. a., Paiva., Moa. Moll. Mad. 129 (1867) 



Habitat Desertam Grandem ; in rupium fissmis hinc inde 

 congregans. (In Madera propria vix, nisi fallor, adhuc detecta. ) 



Perhaps the present Pupja may be but a depauperated and 

 less highly coloured state of the P. recta peculiar to the Peserta 

 Grrande, and as such it was originally regarded in doubt by 

 Mr. Lowe ; nevertheless it differs from that species in being 

 somewhat smaller, paler, thinner, and just appreciablv more 

 distinctly striate, in its ultimate volution being a trifle shorter, 

 and in its two palatial plaits being greatly reduced in dimen- 

 sions, — the lower one indeed being obsolete, and even the upper 

 one considerably narrower and more abbreviated. The denticle 

 of its outer lip, also, is a little more apparent. 



Although stated by Mr. Lowe to have occurred likewise, 

 though sparingly, in Madeira proper (it having been found 

 there, according to him. by Mr. Leacock and myself), I cannot 

 now recal any satisfactory evidence of its existence except on 

 the Deserta Grande, where two dead specimens were first taken 

 by Mr. Leacock in June 1848 ; and where it was afterwards met 

 with in profusion by myself and the late Rev. W. J. Armitao-e, 

 on the 20th of January 1849, as also by Mr. Lowe and mvself 



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