246 TEST ACE A ATLANTIC A. 



mediisque, prgesertim cultis, late diffusa. Forsan ex Europa 

 introducta. 



It is only recently that the strictly typical form of this 

 common and widely spread European Achatina has been found 

 in Madeira, — the Eev. E. B. Watson having collected several 

 examples of it, during the summer of 1866, in the garden of 

 the late English Consul, Mr. Veitch, at the Jardim da Serra, 

 more than 2000 feet above the sea. The specimens which have 

 been obtained elsewhere (and the species is well-nigh universal 

 within the cultivated districts) are rather smaller and narrower 

 (or less ventricose) than the ordinary ones of more northern 

 latitudes, and relatively somewhat longer, — the volutions being 

 appreciably less convex, and the penultimate one perhaps a 

 trifle less abbreviated ; but I do not think that they can be 

 regarded as representing more than a slight and unimportant 

 geographical phasis of the European type, an opinion which has 

 been expressed also by Mr. Watson and others. Indeed even 

 Mr. Lowe himself treated them as such originally, though he 

 subsequently registered them, under the trivial name of made- 

 rensis, as distinct from the luhrica. 



The species, which has doubtless been introduced into 

 Madeira, would appear to have established itself equally in the 

 Azorean archipelago, where the examples are said to be pre- 

 cisely similar to the ordinary Em-opean ones ; and it is likewise 

 quoted by Morelet (Journ. de Conch, xiii. 242 ; 1873), though 

 he does not mention upon what authority, as having been found 

 in the Cape Verdes. 



Genus 14. LOVEA, Watson. 



This is a genus which has lately been established by the 

 Eev. E. B. Watson (vide ' Proc. Zool. Soc. Loud.' 677; 1875) 

 to contain the truly indigenous species in the Madeiran archi- 

 pelago which have hitherto been cited as Achatinas ; and it 

 would seem, from Mr. Watson's remarks, to possess just about a 

 similar claim for generic separation as Arion does from Limax 

 or as Nanina does from Helix. Its main distinctive feature 

 consists in the highly significant fact that the tail of the • 

 animal, which is obliquely lopped-off at the tip, is furnished 

 with a mucous gland on the angle which is formed by the 

 truncation, at a short distance behind the extreme apex. And, 

 as a further peculiarity, ' the mantle,' adds Mr. Watson, ' ex- 

 tends beyond the edge of the aperture all round. It is thinly 

 spread over the outside of the shell, and extends like a tongue 

 backwards behind the posterior corner of the aperture.' All the 

 members of the genus have the shell highly polished, — 'its 



