MADEIRAN GROUP. 253 



Achatina Paroliniana (pars), W. et B., Ann. des Sc. Nat. 28. 



syn. 320 (1833) 

 „ „ „ d'Orh., in W. et B. Hist. 73 



(1839) 

 „ triticea, /S. edent.ula, Pfeif., Mon. Hel. ii. 278 



(1848) 

 j, oryza et tuberculata, Lowe, Ann. Nat. Hist. ix. 



120(1852) 

 „ Tandoniana, Shuttl., Bern. Mitth. 293 (1852) 

 „ oryza et tuberculata, Lowe, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 



204 (1854) 

 Glandina oryza, Alb., Mai. Mad. 58. t. 15. f. 7-10 (1854) 

 Achatina triticea, var., Paiva, Mon. Moll. Mad. 110 (1867) 

 Cionella Tandoniana, 3Iouss., Faun. Mai. des Can. 129 



(1872) 

 Lovea oryza, Watson, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 680 (1875) 

 Habitat Portum Sanctum ; sub lapidibus in montibus vul- 

 garis. Semifossilis in arena calcarea hinc inde reperitur. 



This and the L. triticea are the common Loveas of Porto 

 Santo, to which island they would seem to be peculiar ; but, of 

 the two, the L. oryza is perhaps rather the less abundant. In 

 size and general aspect, indeed, they are almost coincident, — 

 except that the oryza is, on the average, of a paler hue, as well 

 as destitute of the strong medial ventral plait which is so con- 

 spicuous within the aperture of its ally ; a small and obsolete 

 tubercle being all that is ever apparent to represent the power- 

 fully developed plait of the L. triticea. 



Yet the L. oryza appears to me to have, like so many of the 

 species, two tolerably well-defined states, which nevertheless 

 pass into each other by imperceptible gradations, — namely a 

 larger and more ventricose one, which was treated by Mr. Lowe 

 (under the name of tuberculata) as specifically distinct, in 

 which the two rudimentary ventral callosities (i. e. the lon- 

 gitudinal upper one and the medial tubercle) are, together with 

 that on the columella, rather more expressed ; and a smaller 

 one, which is appreciably less convex, and which has the callo- 

 sities above referred to only just traceable. This phasis, last 

 mentioned, is the normal Achatina oryza of Lowe ; and it is 

 extremely abundant at most elevations in Porto Santo, — often 

 swarming beneath large slabs of stone, particularly on the 

 mountain slopes of a somewhat high altitude. 



In general size and aspect the L. oryza has a considerable 

 prhnd facie resemblance to the larger (or typical) form of the 

 terebella ; nevertheless on a closer inspection it is impossible to 

 confound it with that species, — it being not only a trifle less 

 elongated, or more ventricose, witli its aperture relatively some- 



