MADEIRAN GROUP. 265 



The L. cylichna is abundant in the calcareous deposits at 

 Canipal ; and it may be known from everything else with which 

 we have here to do, not merely by its minute size and blunt, 

 cylindric-oblong, jjwpceform outline, but more particularly by 

 the structure of its narrow, elongate, backwardly-acuminated 

 mouth, — the ventral wall of which has a thick, corneous, sinu- 

 ated sphincter, or rim, commencing suddenly at a short distance 

 from the angle of the outer lip (where it shapes itself into an 

 abruptly terminated subvertical plait), and continuing in an 

 unbroken arch to the very extremity of the columella (where it 

 is sharply truncated so as to form a conspicuous angular pro- 

 jection), v^hilst in the centre of the same (ventral) region there 

 is a very prominent and powerfully developed transverse plait, 

 which occasionally almost touches the outer lip. But what is 

 more particularly anomalous (so far as I am aware) for a mem- 

 ber of the present genus, is the fact that (as in many of the 

 Pujjw) there are three palatial plaits (in addition to the ven- 

 tral ones), — namely one elongate, filiform, submedial, and deeply 

 immersed, and two minute ones (not always easily recognizable) 

 which are placed close together on the inner margin (but on 

 the upper portion) of the outer lip, opposite to the triangular 

 space which is shaped-out by the two ventral plaits. This 

 array of teeth and callosities give the apertm'e of this curious 

 little Lovea a very singular appearance. 



Fam. 5. AUEICULIDiE. 



Genus 15. PEDIPES, Adans. 



Pedipes afra. 



Le Pietin, Pedipes, Adans., Hist, du Seneg. 11. t. 1. f. 4 



(1757) 

 Helix afra, Gmelin, Syst. Nat. i. pars 6 (1790) 

 Pedipes afra, Loive, Zool. Journ. v. 296 (1835) 

 „ „ Id., Proc. Zool. Sac. Lond. 218 (1854) 



„ afer, Drouet, Faun. Agor. 169 (1861) 

 „ „ Paiva, Hon. Moll. Mad. 153 (1867) 



Habitat Maderam, vulgaris , sub lapidibus maris sestu 

 quotidie submersis. 



The widely spread P. afra (which occurs in the Azorean 

 Group and is exceedingly common on the African shores, and 

 which was obtained by Mr. Lowe at Lisbon) abounds below the 

 high-water mark in jMadeira proper, particularly towards the 

 north of the island ; and it lias been received also by the Baron 

 Paiva from the Salvages. It may readily be known by its con- 



