CAXAJilAX GEO UP. 301 



the fauna of Morocco (occurring around Mogador), and having 

 notliing whatever to do with that of the Canaries. (9) Steno- 

 gyra subdiajjhaaa. King ; — a species which is peculiar to the 

 Cape Verdes, and (like the last) having nothing whatever to do 

 with the Canaries ; and one indeed whose claims to be Canarian 

 were questioned by even Webb and Berthelot, and subsequently 

 by d'Orbigny. (10 and 11) Achatina Paroliaiana, W. et B., 

 and -4. Tandoniana, Shuttl. ; — founded on the Lovea triticea 

 and oryza, Lowe, collected by Webb on the mountains of Porto 

 Santo and erroneously regarded as Canarian. And (12) Poraa- 

 tias Barthelemianum, Shuttl. ; — established on a single 

 example in the Museum at Marseilles ' sans indication precise,' 

 according to Mousson, ' de localite,' and doubtless from the col- 

 lection of M. Terver of Lyons, — its citation as Canarian resting 

 upon evidence which is quite as untrustworthy as it is in the 

 case of so many other species which are in a similar predicament. 



Although more or less called in question by Mousson, as to 

 their true Canarian claims, 10 out of the 12 species to 

 which I have just referred are nevertheless admitted practically 

 into his fauna, — the only ones which are altogether cast out 

 being the Helix advena and the Bidimus Terverianus, W. 

 et B. 



In addition however to these, there are at least foui'teen 

 others, treated by ^lousson as species, which I do not absolutely 

 reject but which I look upon as mere states, or phases, of cer- 

 tain proximate types, — thus reducing his catalogue still further, 

 as regards extent. These fom-teen are as follows : — ( 1 ) Hyaliaa 

 canarice, Mouss. ; — scarcely distinguishable from the common 

 H. cellaria, MiilL, of which it seems to me to be hardly even a 

 ' variety.' (2, 3) Helix geminata, Mouss., and H. Grasseti 

 (Tarn.), Mouss. ; — mere forms of the pisaiia, MlilL, which are 

 manifestly connected by intermediate links with the ordinary 

 type. (-4, 5) Helix canariensis (Shuttl.), Mouss., and H. herhi- 

 cola (Shuttl.), Mouss. ; — slight modifications of the very incon- 

 stant H. lineata, Oliv. (6) Helix adoptata, Mouss. ; — an 

 undoubted state (if distinguishable at all, as such) of the uni- 

 versal H. lancerotfenai^, W. et B. (7) Helix pavida, Mouss. ; 

 — identical with the H. nubigena, Lowe, but the mere -nams 

 nevertheless employed on account of the latter one having been 

 preoccupied. (8) Helix Bertheloti, Fer. ; — a somewhat larger 

 race, but merging completely into the other, of the H. hispidula, 

 Lam. (9) Helix nodosostriata, Mouss. ; — a common and very 

 ordinary development of the H. mirandce^ Lowe, from G-omera. 

 (10) Helix prcvposita, ^louss. ; foimded upon a single indivi- 

 dual which was taken by myself on the mountains of Grand 

 Canary, but which appears to me to be absolutely identical with 



