1918.] G. A. BouLENGER & N. Annandale: Rana ttgrina. 63 



possible to make a definite statement on the basis of this material, they 

 dif?er from those of the true R. tigrina in the following particulars : — 



They are larger and of stouter build, with the abdomen more 

 convex ; the dorsal surface is more densely pigmented and there is a pale 

 band extending backwards in an oblique direction from the nostril to a 

 pale space surrounding the eye. They very closely resemble those 

 of R. rugulosa, except that the dorsal membrane of the tail is not so 

 elevated and that the coloration of the dorsal and lateral surfaces of 

 the head and body is less uniformly mottled. 



Geographical distributioti. — The following specimens in the collection 

 of the Indian Museum must be transferred to this species : — 



9025. Agra, United Provmces. Agra Mus. (Ex.). 



12572. ChandbaUy, Orissa. C. H. Dreyer. 



9074-5: 9071. Ceylon. Dr. Kelaart. 



9017 : 9057 : 9060. Colombo, Ceylon. Dr. J. Anderson. 



Combining my records with those of Dr. Boulenger, we find, there- 

 fore, that R. crassa is by no means confined to South India, in some part 

 of which it probably occurs together with R. tigrina, s.s., and Ceylon, 

 where it may occur alone. It is known from Agra and Benares in the 

 United Provinces, from Orissa, from the town of Madras and from 

 several other localities on both coasts of the Indian Peninsula, as well as 

 from several localities in Ceylon. 



The behaviour of the living specimens sent to me from Madras 

 differed totally from that of individuals of Rana tigrina, s. s. The former 

 when placed in a vivarium the bottom of which was covered with sand, 

 burrowed immediately and concealed themselves below the surface. 

 This I have never known R. tigrina to do. Moreover, they did not 

 possess anything like the same power of leaping. 



Rana cancrivora, Gravenhorst. 



Dr. Boulenger's notes rather lead me to think that there may be in 

 the Malay Archipelago several races or species closely allied to this form. 

 Dr. Van Kampen's var. angustopalmata^ may perhaps be distinct after 

 all. My chief reason for including it in the synonymy of R. cancrivora 

 was a letter from him in which he wrote as follows : — " My angusto- 

 folmata has a still somewhat shorter web than this R. cancrivora, but 

 this diiTerence does not occur in all specimens from Celebes, and as it is 

 very difficult to describe it is perhaps better to drop the name." 



It is important, therefore, that I should make it quite clear that my 

 description was based almost entirely on specimens from Siam, one of 

 which Dr. van Kampen had kindly compared with specimens from 

 Java, the type locality of the species. I had also examined a series of 

 old and sodden specimens from North Borneo, but had paid, in accord- 

 ance with my usual rule, comparatively little attention to them. 



Doubt has been cast by Dr. Boulenger on the identification of the 

 tadpole of this frog by Dr. van Kampen. R. caficrivora is a very common 

 frog in the plains of Java, where R. limnocharis is, according to 



1 In Weber's Zool. Ergebn. Neid. Ost.-Ind., IV, p. 388, pi. xvi, fig. 3c. 



