XXI. THE LAND MOIvT. USCA COLIvECTED 



ON THE ISLAND OF BARKUDA IN THE 



CHILKA LAKE, GANjAM. 



By Lt .-Colonel H. H. Godwin-Austen, F.R S., etc. 



Dr. Annandale, Director of the Zoological Survey of India, and 

 Mr. F. H. Gravely, Asst. Superintendent, have very recently 

 (July, 1916) been investigating the fauna of this island, and ob- 

 tained there three species of land shells, which Dr. Annandale has 

 kindly sent to me for examination. The specimens are well pre- 

 served in spirit. One turns out to be a most interesting species 

 both from its history, habitat and morphological characters. It 

 proves to be a species described by W. Blanford in i865 {Journ. 

 As. Soc, Bengal, XXXV (2), p. 36) as Nanina (Macrochlamys) in- 

 fausta, and occurred among Captain Beddome's Anamullay collec- 

 tions, but in the Fauna of British India, Mollusca vol. I, p. 134, 

 Blanford says : " The locality originally assigned to this species, the 

 Anaimalai Hills, appears to have been given in error, as in the 

 case of M. lixa." He compared it in 1866 with Helix vitrinoides, 

 Desh., which at that date included several distinct species such 

 as hardwickei, G.-A.; indica, G.-A. ; petrosa, Hutton ; perplana, 

 G.-A. and pedina, Bs. ; all differing widely in their anatomy. At 

 that period the animals of Indian molluscs had received little 

 attention. Wm. Blanford led the way to a better state of things 

 by the copious notes he made in the field of the outward form of 

 the animal, and the examination of the radula, while it was 

 Stoliczka who gave us the first insight into the internal anatomy 

 of many Indian genera. In the Fauna of British India, Mollusca 

 vol. I (1908), p. 133, nothing being known of its anatomy, it was 

 on shell character placed in Macrochlamys. The species now 

 described shows conclusively that it belongs to the genus Ario- 

 phanta, of my section Nilgiria, a group of the land mollusca, to- 

 gether with Euplecta and Ettrychlamys , not hitherto found outside 

 Peninsular India, with one exception. Ariophanta interrupta, Bs. 

 is common in Calcutta and in 1865 I found it in Jessore. This 

 extension into the delta from the side of Orissa is however prob- 

 ably due to the agency of man. 



