138 Records of tie Indian Museum. [ Vion. cule 
and Jahrg. LXX, 1909, pp. 23-25 and 29-32). It is doubtful whe- 
ther the association is quite so close in Indian forms asin American 
ones (Gravely, Rec. Ind. Mus., XI, 1915. p. 496), although the struc- 
ture of the mandibles isthesame as in American larvae, and seems 
equally unsuited for the mastication of unprepared wood; but it is 
sufficient to allow of the collection of whole groups of insects in 
various stages all belonging to one species. Larvae of the following 
species have already been described ! :— 
. ‘* Passalus’’? punctiger, Lepeletier and Serville.” 
1835. Percheron, A. ‘‘ Monographie des Passales’’ (Paris, 1835), 
pp. 17-18, pl. i, figs 13-14. 
‘* Passalus’’ cornutus, Fabricius. 
1847. Burmeister, H. ‘‘ Handbuch der Entomologie”’ 
1847), PP. 454-459. 
1872. Riley, C. V.. ** The: Horned: Passalus,”” Ayn.“ KRep. its. 
Missoumn, IV, 1872, pp. 139-141, text-fig. 62 a-d. 
1874. Schigdte, J.C. ‘‘ De metamorphosi Eleutheratorum obser- 
vationes: Bidrag til Insekternes Udviklingshistorie.”’ 
Naturhist. Tids., XI, 1874 (‘‘ Passalus,” pp. 356-359, pl. 
xv, fie 165 pl) xviil, figs) 12-197 pl. xix ne 1): 
V (Berlin, 
) 
‘* Passalus "’ distinctus, Weber. 
1853. Chapuis, F. and Candéze, E. ‘‘ Catalogue des Larves des 
Coléoptéres connues jusqu’a ce jour avec la description 
de plusieurs espéces nouvelles,” pp. 343-653, 9 pls. Mem. 
Soc. R. Sci. Liége, VIII, 1853 (‘‘ Passalus,’’ pp. 467-468, 
pl. iv, figs. 5-5c). 
1861. Candéze, E. ‘‘ Histoire des Métamorphoses de quelques 
Coléoptéres exotiques.’’ Mem. Soc. R. Sct. Liége, XVE, 
1861 (‘‘ Passalus,’’ pp. 343-344)- 
Aulacocyclus kaupi, MacLeay. 
1893. Froggatt, W. W. ‘‘On the Life-Histories of Australian 
Coleoptera I.’’ Proc. Linn. Soc. N. S. Wales, VIII, 1894 
(Aulacocyclus, p. 41). 

! The synonymy of the American genera, to which most of these belong, is 
at present so confused that it seems best to refer to all under the single generic 
name ‘‘ Passalus” which is applied to them by the authors here referred to. Only 
in the case of Indo- Australian species is the genus given according to modern defi- 
nitions. Madam Meérian’s larva can no longer be regarded as a Passalid. 
2 The plate bears the legend ‘“ P. interruptus’; but this does not apply to 
the larva and pupa figured which are probably, according to Percheron, those of 
P. punctiger. 
