IgI5.] N. ANNANDALE: Indian Boring Sponges. 9 
Museum, falls well within the limits of the species as defined by 
the former author. 
C. carpentert is a tropical sponge distributed all round the 
globe. Topsent found it more frequently than any other in 
shells he examined from the Gulf of Mexico, the Pacific coast of 
Central America, the Gaboon, the Indian Ocean, etc. It does 
not appear, however, to be common in the Bay of Bengal. In 
addition to the type-specimen of Carter’s species, which is in a 
dead oyster-shell, I have examined specimens in a shell of Malleus 
from Singapore and in one of Voluta from New South Wales. 
Cliona margaritiferae, Dendy. 
1905. Dendy, ‘‘ Porifera’’ in Herdman’s Rep. Ceylon Pearl 
Oyster Fish. V, p. 128, pl. v, fig. 9. 
1909. Hentschel, ‘‘ Tetraxonida’’ in Faun, Siidwest Austra- 
liens, p. 386. 
I have included this species (p.5) among those that possess 
macroscleres of two kinds, but Dendy evidently regards the 
larger amphioxi as modified spirasters and points out that there 
are transitionary forms of spicules between them and the small 
microscleres. This is true; but there seems to me to be a slight but 
definite break in the series and it is at any rate more convenient 
to regard the large spiny amphioxi for the present as the equiva- 
lents of the granular amphioxi of such species as C. vastifica. 
C. margaritiferae was originally described from the shell of 
the pearl-oyster of the Ceylon banks (Margaritifera vulgaris). I 
have found it in the same shell from the type-locality (T. South- 
well) and also in a piece of Madreporarian coral from the Palk 
Straits (off Tondi, 54 fathom: J. Hornell). Hentschel examined 
specimens in a shell of Chama, sp., from Michaelsen and Hart- 
meyer’s Australian collection. 
Cliona annulifera, sp. nov. 
(Plate 1, figs. 1-4.) 
A Chona with tylostyle macroscleres and spirasters of the 
‘normal type, the former bearing a single convex ring round the 
shaft; some of the latter unusually large. The gemmules are 
provided with spirasters of a specialized form. 
The only known specimen is in a dead Gastropod shell 
(Xenophora pallidula, Rve.). 
General structure. ‘The sponge consists of a series of sub- 
spherical or ovoid chambers connected by short horizontal tubules 
and bearing the papillae on short vertical ones. The chambers 
form a single horizontal layer. The greatest longitudinal diameter 
of the larger chambers is about I°3 mm. and their greatest depth 
about o‘g mm. ‘The average length of the connecting tubules 
(which, of course, represent the thickness of the wall of shell 
