74 Records of the Indian Museum. (VoL. XVIII, 
caused by the first groove bears several spiny tubercles and there 
is a short row of smaller horny tubercles on each margin of the 
second groove. The upper lip is broad, concealing the upper jaw, 
granular and minutely fringed. There is a narrow semicircular 
transverse granular band in front of the disk, which is transverse 
and more strongly arched anteriorly than posteriorly. Behind 
the disk there is a broader semicircular free border. There are 
four short tentacles. ‘The opercular margins are almost transverse 
on the ventral surface. The chest is flattened but scaly and 
without specialized muscles. The dorsal fin is not so high as the 
body. Its last undivided ray is moderately stout and it has nine 
or ten rays in all. The pectorals are broad and expanded and 
have the outer ray flattened. ‘They are shorter than the head and 
their base is oblique. The scales are large. There are 3 or 3% 
above the lateral line and the same number between it and the 
ventral. The colour varies with the environment. Specimens 
from the Bhavani River at the base of the Nilgiris are very dark 
olivaceous on the sides and back and white on the ventral surface. 
All the fins are greyish but the pectoral fins have white borders. 
The rays of the caudal are white but the middle third of the mem- 
brane is blackish. In a specimen from a small muddy stream run-~ 
ning into the Bhavani the colours are much paler, but there is no 
dark mid-lateral streak and no spot behind the operculum. 
The largest specimen I have seen, an adult male from near 
Mettapolaiyam, is 184 mm. long. 
The species is common in the Bhavani River near the base of 
the Nilgiris both before and after the stream leaves its gorge. It 
lives in places where the stream-bed is rocky and the current 
strong. Jerdon found it in the Manantoddi as well as the Bhavani 
and Day records it also from the Wynaad. I have seen a small 
and probably immature specimen which seems to belong to the 
species from the Nasik district of the Bombay Presidency. 
Subsp. kangrae, Prashad. 
1878. Discognathus lamta, Day, Fish India II, p. 528 (in part), pl. 
EXKIN, gS. 1, Ta: 
1919. Discognathus kangrae, Prashad, Rec. Ind. Mus. XV1, p. 163, figs. 
I, Id. 
This form seems to be no more than a local race of D. jerdont, 
distinguished by its longer head and smaller eye. 
Capt. Donald, Warden of Fisheries in the Punjab, has recent- 
ly presented to the Indian Museum through Dr. Baini Prashad 
a series of specimens from hill-streams in the Kangra valley. 
They establish the fact that the fully developed adult male is 
identical with the form figured by Day in the plate cited. 
Discognathus stenorhynchus (Jerdon). 
(Rl: tx ahi ort p Isao): 
1848. Gonorhynchus stenorhynchus, Jerdon, Madras Fourn. Lit. Sct. 
XVI, p. 310. 
