1919. | N. ANNANDALE: Sponges, Hydrozoa and Polyzoa. 97 
identified by Tt.-Col. J. Stephenson, I.M.S., as Nats communis var. 
punjabensis. ‘This worm does not ordinarily construct tubes, and 
was found free in the reed—beds of the Hamun, but Col. Stephenson 
has seen it in tubes made by insect larvae (probably those of 
Diptera) in the Punjab. It is possible that in Seistan also it 
occupied the dwellings of larvae which it had dispossessed or 
succeeded after their departure, but as to the association between 
it and Lophopodella there can be no doubt, for it was noted repeat- 
edly on more than one occasion. L. carteri has been observed in 
association with certain algae,' and it is not uncommon for Chirono- 
mid larvae to construct their tubes at the base of its colonies ; but 
I have not hitherto found it associated with Oligochaete worms. 
The known geographical range of L. carteri now extends from 
Eastern Persia to Japan. The Japanese and Chinese race (daven- 
porti, Oka *) is distinguished from the forma typica by the greater 
development of the terminal processes of the gemmule, but nothing 
is known of the species in the countries intermediate between India 
and China.’ <A form (var himalayana, mihi) with the process of the 
gemmules absent or imperfectly developed occurs occasionally in 
the Kumaon Lakes in the Western Himalayas, but normal colonies 
have been found at the same places at other times. In the plains 
of India the distribution is apparently sporadic, but the species is 
common in parts of the Bombay Presidency and the Central Prov- 
inces. I have never found it in the Punjab, Bengal or Madras. 
! See Annandale and West, Fourn. As. Soc. Bengal (n. s.) VII, p. 81, pl. iii 
(1911). 
2 Pectinatella davenportt, Oka, Zool. Anz. XXXI, pp.7, 6 and Annot. Zool. 
Fapan. VI, p. 117 (1907). 
3 The Rev. Gist Gee has recently sent me specimens of the Japanese race from 
Soochow in the Kiangsu province of China, 
SE I ee 
