138 Records of the Indian Museum. [VoL. XVIII, 
Larva with the dorsal margin of the fore-tibia ( ? always) 
strongly toothed (pl. xviii, fig. 4). 
Palingenia (s. stv.) ? longicauda, Olivier.! 
Palingenta sp. (? robusta), Needham, 1909, p. 191, pl. xx, fig. 8.2 
Adult (pl. xx, figs. 21-23).—Nine pinned specimens from Seis- 
tan, all in bad condition. One of these was erroneously referred 
by Needham to the subgenus Anagenesia, to which P. robusta, 
Eaton, belongs, with the remark :—“ The species will be recognized 
by the male forceps....which is different from the forceps of any 
species that has been figured hitherto.” His figure (1909, pl. xx, 
fig. 8) differs from Eaton’s figure (see 1883-8, pl. i. Ia o) of 
the male genitalia of P.longicauda in having five instead of 
six terminal joints to the forceps. But Cornelius (1848, pp. 
28-29) states that P.longicauda has only three such joints and 
shows only three in his figure (1848, fig. 4K), though the terminal 
one could be almost better interpreted as two joints than as one 
but for the accompanying statement, and might even be com- 
posed of three. The probability, it seems to me, is therefore 
that normally the forceps of P. longicauda consists of at least 
five terminal joints and one long basalone. Inthe specimens now 
under consideration most of the forceps are broken. In one the 
terminal joints appear to be six in number, the last being very 
small and imperfectly separated, in another they appear to be seven, 
the terminal one again being very small. Unfortunately no 
European specimens are available for comparison. The colour of 
the Seistan specimens appears to be duller and more uniform than 
in European specimens, but this may be due to their poor state of 
preservation. 
The species probably occurs also in Mesopotamia, as Major 
Connor writes that he ‘‘saw millions of the large Mayflies on the 
Euphrates at about the beginning of April. They were being 
eaten up by the ordinary Caspian river tortoise as they lay in 
heaps in eddies and slack water. They swarm in the river even 
as far down as Basra.” 
Larva (pl. xviii, figs. 1-4).—Six males and eight females, none 
full-grown (length, excluding mandibles and caudal appendages, 
21-25 mm.), from thick mud of pools in the bed of the Randa 
stream (otherwise dry) four miles northwest of Jellalabad, Seistan. 
Dis. G ti oe 
Dr. Annandale has supplied the following note on the finding 
of these larvae :— 
1 For P. longicauda, see Eaton, 1883, p. 24, pl. i, fig. 1@ ; and Cornelius, 
1848, pp. 22-20, figs. 4-4K. 
? The nymphs referred by Needham (doc. cit.) to this genus belong, in all 
probability, to the genus Ephemera. (See Vayssiére, 1882, pp. 38-42, pl. i, 
figs. 3-7; Eaton, 1883-8, pp. 58-59, pl. xxx, figs, I-19; and Klapalek, 1909, 
pp-29-30). They are very different from those o Palingenta. 
