1921. | B. PrasHap: Gastropod Molluscs. 225 
The species is represented in the Mesopotamian collection by 
a large number of dry shells from Basra and a few preserved 
in spirit from the banks of the Euphrates. Most of the specimens 
are rather small but a few measuring up to 35 mm. in length are 
also represented. 
Melanoides pyramis, var. flavida (Nevill). 
1919. Melanoides pyramis var. flavida, Annandale and Prashad, of. 
cit., Pp. 34, 35> 
In the paper cited above we referred to a rather dark speci- 
men of this form collected by Dr. C. I,. Boulenger from the flooded 
area near Khandag creek, Basra, Lower Mesopotamia. ‘This speci- 
men agrees in all particulars with the specimens from the Persian 
frontier and Baluchistan, but is darker in colour. It measures 
27°5 mm. in length by 99 mm. in breadth, the aperture measures 
9°8 mm. by 5°7 mm. 
Genus Melanopsis, Ferussac. 
Melanopsis nodosa, Férussac. 
1874, Melanopsts nodosa, Mousson, Fourn. Conchyliol. XXII, p. 48. 
1874. Melanopsis nodosa, Brot, ‘* Die Melantaceen’’ in Chemnitz, 
Conch.-Cab. (ed. Kiister), p. 432, pl. xvi, figs. 17-24 (in part). 
1918. Melanopsis nodosa, Annandale, Rec. Ind. Mus., XV, p. 163. 
The species was recorded by Mousson from the Euphrates 
and the Tigris below Mosul on the basis of the collections made 
by Dr. A. Schlaefli in this region, and Annandale has recently 
recorded its occurrence in ower Mesopotamia. 
In the collections made by Dr. C. L. Boulenger and Dr. B.W. 
Bowell the species is represented by a large number of shells from 
Nasariyeh and from Khandag creek, Basra. All the specimens are 
of the typical nodosa-type and none belong to Mousson’s vat. 
moderata, described in his paper cited above. Most of the speci- 
mens are quite fresh and distinctly show the three rows of large 
tubercles on the body-whorl—a characteristic of this species. 
The specimens vary in colour from chestnut-brown to black, 
except for the subfossil shells which are white and chalky. The 
largest specimen measures 234 mm. in length and 11°3 mm. in 
maximum breadth ; the aperture measures Io°8 mm. by 5°2 mm. 
Melanopsis costata (Olivier). 
1874. Melanopsis turcica, Mousson, op. ctt., pp. 48, 49. 
1879. Molanopsts costata, Brot, op. cit., pp. 420-429, pl. xlvi, figs. 4-7. 
1913. Melanopsis costata, Preston, Fourn. As. Soc. Bengal, 1X, p. 467. 
Melanopsis costata is a widely distributed species throughout 
Syria, Palestine and Mesopotamia. In the Mesopotamian collec- 
tions under report, it is represented by shells from the banks of a 
dry creek connected with Diala River between Baguba and Sharo- 
ban, and from the Khandag creek, Basra. 
