igii.] G. deRhe-Phii,ipe : The fauna of Yunnan. 25 



PART III.— BUTTERFLIES. 

 By G. W. V. deRhe-Phiupe, F.E.S. 



The few butterflies were all of species more or less common in 

 the outer Himala^^an ranges. The Pieridae are proportionately 

 strongly represented; but it is curious that the Nymphalidae, 

 which bulk so largely everywhere among the Indian and Burmese 

 Rhopalocera, are not more prominent. 



The only Satyrid is a male Ypt him a sakra, Moore, a species 

 iairW common throughout the Himalayas and Assam Hills. As 

 might be expected, it is the darker eastern form, true Y. sakra, 

 and not the paler variety Y. nikaea , Moore, prevaiUng in the 

 Western Himala^^as. 



A couple of Vanessa cashmirensis, KoUas, represent the 

 Nymphalidae. Both are somewhat brighter and lighter in tone 

 than typical Himalayan specimens. 



The Pieridae include — 



Pieris canidia, Sparrman, & ^^P. gliciria, Cramer. 

 Pieris melete, Menetries, & and 2 . 

 Terias venata, Moore. 



All three of these species were taken by the Yunnan Expeditions of 

 1868 and 1875, and recorded in the '' Zoological Researches " subse- 

 quently pubhshed. They differ in no way from typical Indian 

 specimens. T. venata would appear to be the species of the genus 

 most commonly found in the locality. This is noteworthy, as this 

 species is usually, in comparison with the others of the genus, 

 somewhat scarce everywhere. One of the specimens is very 

 heavily dusted with black scales, a seasonal variation often found 

 in the group, but unusually marked in this case. 



Of the Lycaena group of the Lycaenidae there are — 



a cf Zizera maha, KoUas, 

 a cf Zizera otis, Fabricius. 



The former was recorded by the Yunnan Expeditions as Z. 

 chandala, Moore; the latter was apparently not taken. 



The only other Lycaenid belongs to the Thecla group, and is 

 a female of probably Ilerda androcles, Doubleday and Hewitson. 

 The females of the species of Ilerda (with the single exception of 

 /. sena) are all exceedingly alike; and, unless taken in cop. or in a 

 locality known to be inhabited by only one form, it is often impossible 

 to satisfactorily decide to which species a female belongs. The 

 Yunnan insect compares best with typical females of /. androcles in 

 the de Niceville collection ; and as this species occurs in N. E. India 

 (I have seen the c^ at Kohima in the Naga Hills), it is quite probable 

 it is also found, possibly rarely, in the hills of Upper Burma. 

 No species of Ilerda was recorded by the Yunnan Expeditions. 



