igii.] F. H. Stewart : Cyprinidae from Tibet, 75 



river, as the adults have not been obtained thence. The adult 

 however has been taken in the Oxus ; and I find by the diary that 

 on the day the specimens in question were captured, the camp was 

 at Sarikol a few miles from a valley where a stream enters the 

 Aksu river, a tributary of the Oxus," 



The species was also found by the brothers Schlagintweit in 

 Nari-Khorsum , presumably in the upper reaches of the Sutlej, 



Herzenstein (4) describes specimens of S. stoliczkae from the 

 Amu-darya (Oxus) system on the Pamirs obtained by Ssewerzoff 

 and Grumm-Grshimailo, and a single example obtained by Grombt- 

 schewski from " Abdu-Gafar-Tom " in the Khotan river basin. 



Ssewerzoff obtained the specimens which were afterwards 

 named after him from the Pamirs (Bulun-kul and Kurasu), while 

 Alcock's examples of this species come from '' a river near Oikul, 

 Little Pamir." 



It has not hitherto been found in any river of the south face 

 of the Himalaya with the exception of the Ammo-chu.^ 



According to our present knowledge, therefore, the two 

 forms range from Badakshan, the Pamirs and Khotan, through 

 Baltistan, Ladakh and Nari-Khorsum, along the northern face of 

 the Himalaya to the Chumbi valley, in a tract of country 1,400 

 miles long b^^ 150 — 300 broad, including the upper waters of the 

 Oxus, the Khotan river, the Indus, Sutlej and Brahmaputra and 

 the Ammo-chu. 



The character of the country in the streams of which 5. 

 stoliczkae is found is very uniform. Alcock writing of the Little 

 Pamir says (i, p. 56) : " The Little Pamir ... is the broad alluvial 

 basin of the first fifty miles, or so, of the River Aksu. Its great- 

 est breadth is not more than four or five miles ... at an elevation 

 of about 13,000 feet. It is bounded north and south by grassy 

 downs which rise to a height of 18,000 feet and culminate in sharp- 

 cut peaks, most of these, especially on their northern faces, being 

 capped with perpetual snow. . . . The surface of the Pamirs 

 although largely covered with tussocks of grass and other stunted 

 vegetation, often consists of bare stretches of hard sand and 

 shingle coated with a saline effiorescence. . . . The river runs 

 with some rapidit}^ in a broad bed of boulders and often expands 

 into marshes and lakelets, one chain of which, known asChakmak- 

 tin Kul or Oi Kul, is of respectable size. ... A very characteris- 

 tic feature of the Pamir in summer are the tracts of deep grass}^ 

 bog that skirt the river and all its tributaries. Equally charac- 

 teristic is the rolled or beaten-down appearance of the surface soil 

 everywhere, the evident result of a long-lying weight of snow." 



These sentences might have been copied almost word for word 

 as a description of the country between Ling-ma-tang and 

 Gyantse. There are the same snow- or spring-fed streams and 



1 Since the above was written Erich Zugmayer has also reported the finding 

 of large numbers of Schizopygopsis stoliczkae in the Indus and Western Tibet. 

 Zool. Jahvb., Syst., Geogr. unci Biol., vol. xxix (igio). 



