94 Records of tJie Indian Museuvi. [Vol. XIY, 



In a series of several hundred specimens, which inchides many males 

 with the appendix masciilina fully developed, the second peraeopods 

 are slender and invariably short, not exceeding half the total length ; 

 it may be assumed, I think, that they )\ever attain any Greater develop- 

 ment. In this respect the species appears to be primitive and resembles 

 such forms as Palaenion lamarrei,^ Milne-Edwards, and P. lanchesteri,^ 

 de Man. With these it has perhaps some real affinity, but it is readily 

 distinguished from both by the characters of the rostrum and by the 

 proportions of the different segments of the legs. The development 

 of the rostrum is unusual and should ])ro])al)ly be taken as evidence of 

 specialization. 



The single male, 66 mm. in length, described by de Man from Holl- 

 andia in North New Guinea as Palaenion {Ewpalaemon) sp.^ appears 

 to be closely related to P. naso. The rostrum, with 11 teeth above and 

 5 below, is similar, except that it is not quite so deep in lateral view. 

 The second peraeopods are short ; but the proportionate lengths of the 

 different segments are rather different (merus 7-5, carpus 10, palm 4-5, 

 fingers 6-5), the fingers being nearly one and a half times the length 

 of the palm. The fifth legs are much longer, reaching beyond the anten- 

 nal scale by the dactylus and the distal third of the propodus.* 



Palaenion multidens,^ Coutiere, from Madagascar, differs in its shorter 

 rostrum with more numerous dorsal teeth and fewer ventral teeth. 

 The second peraeopods are proportionately much longer and the palm is 

 shorter than the fingers. The fifth legs reach beyond the apex of the 

 rostrum. 



De Man's P. singtangensis ,^ from Borneo, differs widely in the form 

 of the rostrum and the second peraeopods are greatly developed in 

 adults, their length equalling that of the body in males only 57 mm. in 

 length. The segments bear spinules in adults and in their proportionate 

 lengths differ somewhat from those of P. naso ; there are some small 

 teeth on the inner edges of the fingers. 



Dr. Annandale has given me the following note on the colouration 

 of living specimens of P. naso. " General colour greyish. Rostrum 

 dark grey. Antennae and antennules reddish. Fingers of chelae tinged 

 with red ; a reddish ring on each joint of the large claw-legs. Dorsum 

 of thorax clouded with grey ; a small grey spot at each side near the 

 upper limits of the lateral surface on a level with the base of the rost- 

 rum. An irregular grey bar sloping backwards and downwards from 

 the lower orbital margin ; another, still more irregular and broader, 

 parallel to it a short distance posteriorly ; a backwardly directed lunate 

 mark of the same shade about the same distance behind the second bar, 

 and finally a third irregular bar directed straight downwards parth^ 

 within the lunate mark, a short distance in front of the posterior margin 



1 De Man, Rec. Ind. Mus., II, p. 222, pi. xix, fig. 4 (1908). 



2 De Man, Notes Leyden Mus., XXXIII, p. 264 (1911) ; iiom. vor. for P. puncidens, 

 Lanchcster, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1901, p. 568, pi. xxxiii, fig. 4. 



3 J)e Man, Zool. Jahrh. Sysl., p. 427, pi. xxix, figs. 10-12 (19ir)). 



* The word " carpus " in tlie last line of dc Man's description is evidcnlly a misprint 

 for " propodus." 



5 (Coutiere, Ann. Sci. Nat. Zool. (8), XII, p. 327, pi. xiv. figs. 40, 40« (1901). 



6 De Man, Notes Leyden Mus., XX, p. i;58, pi. vi (1898).' 



