IQIo. | N. ANNANDALE: Phylactolematous Polyzoa. 49 
(1) The zocecia are stout and relatively short ; they are never 
straight or flat, but invariably have the proximal 
or basal half horizontal and the distal half bent 
vertically upwards. 
(2) The basal half in the great majority of the zocecia is 
adherent, and the aperture is always terminal. 
(3) Vertical branches are rarely formed and never consist 
of more than three or four zocecia. 
(4) The base of each zocecium is usually tinted, but not very 
deeply ; it is invariably rough on the external surface, 
while the distal part is smooth, colourless and hyaline. 
(5) The free statoblast is very variable in shape and is often 
much broader (relatively) than that of P. emarginata. 
Although well-developed specimens of this species often look 
to the naked eye extremely like the benedent phase of P. emarginata, 
examination with a lens invariably reveals the characteristic differ- 
ences in the coloration of the ectocyst and the growth of the zoarium. 
_ The following varieties may be distinguished .— 
Var. A. (P. allmani, Hancock.) 
The zocecia in this variety are always more or less distorted 
and are usually broader at the tip than at the base ; some or all of 
them are strongly emarginate and have a well-developed furrow. 
They are never densely pignfented as a whole, but in the older 
specimens obtained at Bhim Tal in the W. Himalayas there is a 
band of dark pigment round the middle of each zocecium. ‘The 
zoarium is never of great extent. I have found every gradation 
between this form as figured by Hancock and Allman’s P. elegans. 
Var. B. (P. dumortieri, Allman.) 
This variety differs little from var. A, but the zocecia are 
much more regular in shape. Allman state$ that the statoblast 
is like that of P. repens but figures it as distinctly elongate. 
Var. C. (P. diffusa, Leidy.) 
The growth of this variety is much more vigorous than that of 
the other two, and the zoaria frequently cover large areas on logs 
of wood and stones. The zocecia are stouter and more strongly 
curved in outline ; they are often closely pressed together, so that a 
resemblance to the phase benedeni is produced. The base of each 
zocecium is usually of a yellowish brown colour, but I refer to the 
variety with some doubt a fragmentary specimen from Bulandshahr 
in the United Provinces (Major H. J. Walton, I.M.S.) in which it is 
practically colourless. Even in this specimen the separation of each 
zocecium into two distinct regions is quite clear. The variety closely 
resembles Kraepelin’s figures of his Plumatella polymorpha var. 
cespitosa, except that the statoblasts differ in shape (Deutsch 
Stisswass.-Bryozoen, part i, pl. v, figs. 126—128). Resting stato- 
blasts are produced. 
