154 Records of the Indian Museum. — [VoL. V, 
The MALE, however, is completely different in external form 
and may be described as follows :— 
Peduncle long and slender, merging gradually into the capi- 
tulum in such a way that the whole body has a vase-like shape. 
Capitulum entirely without calcified valves, or with a pair of 
amorphous scuta, or occasionally with minute terga in addition to 
such scuta. Cuirv and anal appendages well developed, resembling 
those of the male of S. sguamuliferum. Penis bluntly rounded at 
the tip, which is armed with several stout hairs. 
SYSTEMATIC REMARKS. ‘The great external difference between 
the males of S. sguamuliferum and S. bengalense—species so closely 
allied that the hermaphrodites alone might almost have been con- 
sidered specifically identical—is a remarkable phenomenon and 
renders it impossible to regard the external form of the male or 
the structure of its capitular valves a matter of much systematic 
importance. The absence of ovigerous lamelle in the herma- 
phrodite of the one species and their presence in the other is also 
a noteworthy feature. The structure of the appendages, etc., 
of the males of the two species, however, as distinct from the 
external form, is not dissimilar, and the presence of ovigerous 
lamelle is a rare character in the genus. The male is variable not 
only as regards the armature of its capitulum, but also as regards 
size and the length of the cirri. 
DISTRIBUTION, etc. This species has been taken both in the 
Bay of Bengal and in the Arabian Sea at depths varying from about 
70 to over 500 fathoms. On one occasion it was found in consi- 
derable numbers on the carapace of crabs (Encephalotdes arm- 
strongt), while a few individuals have been taken at greater 
depths attached to the stems of horny corals. 
Scalpellum (Smilium) acutum, Hoek. 
Scalpellum (Smilium) acutum, Hoek, Siboga-Exped., ‘‘ Cirripedia 
Pedunculata,”’ Monogr. xxxia, p. 64, pl. vii, fig. I (1907). 
Scalpellum longirostrum, Gruvel, Cirrh. du ‘‘ Travailleur’’ et du 
‘« Talisman,” 1902, p. 70. 
There is a single small specimen of this species in the collec- 
tion of the ‘‘ Investigator,” taken at a depth of 490 fathoms 
off the Andamans. It is attached to the anchor-filaments of a 
sponge of the genus Hyalonema and is probably immature. The 
species has been so clearly defined and portrayed by Hoek that 
no further description is needed. I may say, however, that the 
Indian specimen is almost exactly intermediate between the form 
originally described by Hoek in the ‘‘* Challenger’? Reports and 
that subsequently called Scalpellum longirostrum by Gruvel, and I 
have no doubt that the two forms are specifically identical. 
S. acutum has a very wide range in the deeper parts of the 
Indian, Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. 
