Neale er med EU AU DE ke i A’ EE MOASE ACY BEN SS: 
APNEA oP EH CIES OF DEGENERATE ©(o) 
COCRR OAC FH: 
WITH AN ACCOUNT OF THE VENATION FOUND IN THE GENERA 
Cardax AND Alluaudella. 
By F. H. GRAvELY, M.Sc., Assistant Superintendent, Indian 
Museum. 
Introductory. 
The genus Cavdax was founded by Mr. Shelford in the year 
1908 for the reception of a little Embia-like cockroach, male speci- 
mens of which were attracted to the lights in Mr. Green’s 
bungalow at Peradeniya in Ceylon. They were forwarded to 
Mr, Shelford by Dr. Willey, and received the name Cardax willeyr. 
During the present year Mr. Shelford has described a similar male 
cockroach from the Kulumusi Caves near Tanga, in German Kast 
Africa. For this species he has founded a separate genus, the 
full name of the species being Al/uaudella cavernicola. From his 
descriptions the generic distinctions appear to be: the smaller size 
of the eyes in the latter; the form of the pronotum, which covers 
the vertex of the head in the former but not in the latter; and 
lifferences in the venation. 
During a recent visit of Dr. Annandale to Kurseong, in the 
Darjiling district of the Eastern Himalayas (4,700 ft.), a single male 
specimen of yet another species of Embza-like cockroach was 
found. Like Cardax willeyi it was attracted to the light of a 
house, where it was captured. This specimen has the eyes well- 
developed as in Cardax, but has no ocelli; the vertex of the head 
is free of the pronotum, as in A//waudella, whilst the venation is 
unlike that of either genus. 
During a recent visit to Peradeniya I had the good fortune 
to obtain several specimens of Cardax witlleyr, all of which 
were males taken at light in Mr. Green’s bungalow. These 
show considerable variation in their venation, and lead me to 
suppose that the differences in venation between Cadax willeyt, 
Alluaudella cavernicola, and the Kurseong species are of much less 
importance than appears at first sight. I propose therefore in the 
present paper to describe this variability in the venation of Cardax 
willeyi ; to emphasize the fundamental uniformity found in the 
venation of the three species; to point out the probable relation 
of this type of venation to that found in other cockroaches ; to 
