LOEZ. | N. ANNANDALE: The Indian Mud-Turties. 175 
Calcutta. Madras. Ceylon. 
Length of carapace .. es, 22 Oveiiewre 2am) Clit), 245 -Cr. 
Breadth Ff se. + 0) Qi Oem eOrsares FO'ON. 5. 
Length of entoplastral callosity .. 22 ,, DSi: BiOr os, 
Breadth e * st) "25a Tee Ce tare 
Length of xyphoplastral callosity Cie Br Obra. Cater 
Breadth 9 ? * 8 a3 d) SE) ? SUS: +) 
In measuring the carapace the length of the marginals is 
omitted and the longest measurement of the callosities that can be 
obtained in a straight line is given. 
The relative size of the anterior marginals is due in the first 
instance to the fusion or non-fusion of several bones. The full 
number of marginals appears to be eighteen, nine on either 
side. In all the Indian races, and also in the Ceylon race, several 
of the most anterior of these bones normally fuse to form a single 
plate, the fusion taking place at a comparatively early age. Many 
irregularities, however, occur and it is often the case that the 
number of bones which have fused on one side is not the same 
as that of those which have fused on the other. Moreover, the 
pattern of the granules on the ventral surface often shows the line 
in which fusion has occurred, even in old individuals. Especially 
in the Ceylon race, moreover, the bone fused by the fusion of the 
first three marginals tends to increase greatly in width as the 
animal grows cld. In the Burmese race (scutafa) no such fusion 
normally occurs, but it is noteworthy that in a half-grown individual 
from Akyab which exhibits all the other characters of the typical 
gvanosa the marginals remain separate as in scutata, although in 
a slightly larger individual from the same locality the first three 
bones on either side are completely fused. 
Emyda granosa (Schoepff). 
BENGAL. 
875-7 (stuffed) : . 2D, : 
13470-I (carapace) ) Calcutta and | shee! ae ee 
Ae k1.) neighbourhood. FSO eas Bee 
aoe aes \ 2 ( E'sq.; Medical College. 
Taye 
% >) Purchased ; Dr. J. An- 
242-3,226-8, 239, 13580, | derson; E. Blyth, Esq.; 
213-6, 218, 233-5, 237-8, ) Ditto eee me: : 
2201 A220 32" 370-1, pivaser sq. Dr. f. 
16501, 240-1 (spirit) L. ees G ik 
vies, Esq. ; . Cun- 
ningham, Esq. 
1034-42 (skulls) ee or News a 
rovinces 
1824 (skull) Jessore C. Tweedie, Esq. 
1023 (skl.) Sunderbunds Osi arraser, Esq. 
