200 Records of the Indian Museum. [Vou. VII, 
and clasping the wall of the distal half of the intestinal diverti- 
culum, so that a double purchase is assured—the diverticulum 
enveloping the parasite’s head and the collar of the latter in turn 
enfolding the distal half of the hollow intestinal outgrowth 
(pleex« fie. aie): 
When freed from its adventitious envelope, the head is seen 
to be capable of considerable change of form and it is probable 
that by its alternate elongation and contraction it functions as a 
burrowing or penetrating organ, aided by the suctorial action of 
the bothridial cup which simultaneously anchors the worm securely 
in position. To supply the means of contraction well-marked 
muscle fibres pass from the constricted stalk and spread out 
over the walls of the head. The musculature of the encircling 
bothrium is weak, but radial and circular fibres appear to be 
present. 
The head is armed in a peculiar manner with four pairs of 
minute two-pronged hooks situated at four equidistant points well 
anterior to its widest circumference. In the small and immature 
specimens obtained in Ceylon the two prongs of each hook are 
unequal and strongly recurved and rise from a common horizontal 
base, the larger from one extremity, the smaller from midway 
between the two ends. Opposite the base of the larger spine is a 
minute blunt spur-like process. In the large and fully adult speci- 
mens from the ‘‘ Golden Crown’’ the common basal bar is stouter 
and wider and no ‘‘spur’’ is to be seen. So minute are these uncini 
that they cannot be seen until the head be mounted and examined 
microscopically and then a ¢th-inch objective is required to see 
the structure clearly. A low fleshy ridge runs backwards from the 
insertion of each pair of uncini, while immediately anterior to the 
interspace between the members of each pair is a minute acet- 
abulum (pl. ix, fig. 8). 
No definite neck region is present. Closely set grooves of 
incipient segmentation are apparent immediately behind the scolex ; 
they gradually become more and more definite till the segments 
appear as distinct proglottides. These attain a maximum breadth 
of 4mm. anterior to the terminal chain of ripening proglottides ; in 
this region the length of each proglottis is approximately 08 mm. 
The mean breadth of a proglottis in the second and third quarters 
of the body may be stated at from five to six times that of its 
length. 
The breadth of the strobila increases very gradually and 
with perfect regularity from 1°3 mm. in the anterior region 
to 4 mm. which it attains at the region where the proglottides 
begin to show a change of form, owing to the development of the 
gonads, about 3 cm. from the posterior extremity in the largest 
individuals examined. Thereafter the proglottides tend to decrease 
in width and become more elongate, but in none does the length 
become equal to the breadth. The ovaries are large and coarsely 
lobulated, arranged as a rosette of radially disposed Poa eaece 
lobes in the centre of the proglottis. 
