262 Records of the Indian Museum. [Wore wale 
It is probable that at least three of the Gangetic Testudinidae 
also occur in the Mahanaddi system, viz., Kachuga lineata, K. 
dhongoka and Batagur baska. Of the first I have examined a 
young specimen taken by the late Dr. W. T. Blanford! in the 
lower reaches of the Godaveri, while the second is represented 
in the Indian Museum by quite typical examples from the Ner- 
badda and from Hyderabad, and the third by a skull from the 
Godaveri. Of the four forms, moreover, of which specimens 
have actually been obtained from the Mahanaddi, three are so 
closely related to Gangetic forms that they may be regarded 
merely as subspecies or local races thereof. The distribution of 
the fourth is still very imperfectly known; it may occur in the 
upper reaches of the Ganges. 
The following are the four tortoises actually known to live 
in the Mahanaddi :— 
TRIONYCHIDAE. ‘TESTUDINIDAE. 
Trionyx gangeticus mahanaddicus, Kachuga tectum tnter- 
subsp. nov. media. 
Trionyx leithi. 
Emyda granosa intermedia. - 
The type specimens of all except Tvionyx leithi: are in the 
collection of the Indian Museum. 
Fam, TRIONYCHIDAE. 
TRIONYX GANGETICUS MAHANADDICUS, subsp. nov. 
Trionyx gangeticus, Cuv. var. (partim), Blanford, J.A.S.B. (2) 
MENT XG13445 (e870): 
Trionyx gangeticus, Annandale, Nec. Ind. Mus. VII, Addenda 
Nos. 16781, 16791, 16792, 1087-8, p. 180, pl. v, fig. 2 (1912). 
Closely allied as the Mahanaddi Tyrionyx is to the typical T. 
gangeticus I now think, after examining a fully adult specimen, 
that it must be recognized as a distinct race. It may be defined 
as follows :— 
Costal plates eight pairs, the last well developed and in con- 
tact in the middle line; two neurals between the first pair of 
costals; plates coarsely pitted and vermiculate. Epiplastra nar- 
rowly separated in front of the entoplastron, which forms an 
obtuse angle ; existing plastral callosities very large, but no ento- 
plastral callosity. Plastron as in 7’. gangeticus. 
Head moderate; snout (on skull) considerably longer than 
orbit; interorbital region, in the adult, a little narrower than 
the nasal fossa; postorbital arch about half as wide as greatest 
diameter of orbit; mandible with inner edge strongly raised, 
l Identified by Dr. Blanford as ‘‘ Batagur ellioti?’’, J.A.S.B. (2) 1879, 
p- IIo. 
