330 Records of the Indian Museum. [VoL. VII, 
That the development of the external sexual characters in 
the Crustacea is largely, if not entirely, dependent on the develop- 
ment of the gonads cannot be denied and, in consequence, any 
circumstance that retards the full development of either ovary or 
testes will materially affect the assumption of the respective 
sexual characters. If from parasitisation or any other cause the 
sexual development of these organs is retarded we should expect 
to find that in the Copepoda, as in other groups of the Crustacea, 
there would be a corresponding modification in the development 
of the sexual characters; but in such a case we should further 
expect that if at a future date the animal recovered and developed 
its sexual functions the external characters of the sex would be 
less specialized than in the normal individual. 
In the present cases the exact reverse is found, for the indivi- 
duals of stage I (the “‘ high”’ form), in the development of which 
the female growth-factor makes its appearance, are, besides being 
altogether larger and finer specimens, also more highly developed 
as regards their sexual appendages, to wit the grasping antenna 
and the 5th pair of legs, than is the case with examples of stage 2, 
the “‘low’’ torm, in whose development the growth-factor is 
of the male type throughout. Consequently it would appear 
highly improbable that we are dealing here with the result of 
infection by a parasite. 
Wollebaek (1909) has recently published observations tending 
to show that in certain deep-sea Decapoda the individuals are nor- 
mally hermaphrodite but, in the absence of any observations ou 
the development and structure of the gonads in these various 
growth-stages, any speculation with regard to the possibility of a 
similar condition occurring among Copepoda cannot be attemp- 
ted. 
a> SYSTEMATIC. 
Family CALANIDAE. 
Genus Paracalanus. 
Paracalanus dubia, sp. nov. 
Pl. xv, figs. I—5. 
Numerous specimens of a female of aspecies of Pavacalanus 
were present, and at first sight I was inclined to regard them as 
examples of P. cvassivostris (Dahl), but a further examination has 
revealed several differences and I have been forced to conclude 
that I was dealing with a new form. I have, therefore, given it 
the name P. dubia. 
Total length 0°74 mm. 
The head and Ist thoracic segment are fused together; the 
forehead presents a well-developed rounded bulge anteriorly and 
