Igi2. | N. ANNANDALE: Sponges of the Malabar Zone. 391 
than the fixed ones; their diameter is about 0°42 mm., whereas 
that of the fixed gemmules is about 0°9 mm, without the external 
case. The free gemmules are spherical and have as a rule two 
apertures, each of which is provided with a short conical or cylin- 
drical tubule. The pneumatic coat is poorly developed and there 
is no outer cage of megascleres. The spicules of the free gem- 
mules are long and narrow and as a rule somewhat inflated at the 
ends ; their measurements on an average are:—length from 0°054 
to 0'063 mm., breadth about 00048 mm. The spicules of the 
fixed gemmules are, like those of the fixed gemmules of the typi- 
cal form of the species, exceedingly variable and liable to all sorts 
of abnormalities, but those of the inner layer are, unless deformed, 
from 0°029 to 0°05 mm. in length and from 0°007 to o’or2 mm. in 
greatest breadth. 
Type.—No. Z.E.V. *+72, Ind. Mus. 
Locality.—Taloshi, Koyna valley, Satara district, Bombay 
Presidency (2,000 ft). 
CORVOSPONGILLA BURMANICA (Kirkpatrick). 
Spongilla loricata var. burmanica, Kirkpatrick, Rec. Ind. Mus., 
iP O71 Die 1x. (LOO): 
Corvospongilla burmanica, Annandale, Faun. Brit. Ind., tom. 
Clie Diath ae 
The typical form of the species has only been found as yet in 
the Pegu-Sittang Canal in Lower Burma, but the Bombay race has 
now been taken at three different localities in that Presidency. 
Subsp. BOMBAYENSIS, Annandale. 
Annandale, Rec. Ind. Mus., vi, p. 225 (1911). 
The first specimens of this race were taken by Mr. Agharkar 
at Khed in the Poona district and others were found by Mr. 
Gravely and him at Pimpli in the Ratnagiri district. The former 
place is on the eastern, the latter on the western face of the 
Ghats. Remarkably fine examples were also obtained by Mr. 
C. S. Middlemiss of the Geological Survey of India in the native 
state of Idar, which lies between 23°6’ and 24°29’ N. and 72°45’ 
and 73°39’ E., considerably north of the Tapti River. About these 
specimens, which he mistook at first sight for a calcareous tufa, Mr. 
Middlemiss writes: ‘‘ The locality of the specimens is Hathmati 
River opposite Thuravas, Idar State (Mahi Kantha) ; occurring 
as incrustations on pebbles of recent conglomerate left dry by 
subsidence of the water.’’ ‘hey were taken in December, Igrr. 
and covered considerable areas ; some of them are 2°5 cm. thick. 
Both the specimens from Idar and those from the Ratnagiri 
district contain free as well as fixed gemmules, although there are 
only fixed gemmules in those from the Poona district. In the 
Idar specimens the free gemmules are only in a few instances fully 
developed and many stages can be found, but in the Ratnagiri 
ones they are complete. 
