352 STUDY OF NATURAL HISTORY. 
Martius, two of the most celebrated naturalists in 
Europe: they explored Brazil for four years, re- 
turned with immense acquisitions, and received from 
the government not only adequate pensions, but 
every needful support for publishing their disco- 
veries.* We turn now to Sweden, ‘“ which has 
never been behind the other kingdoms of the North 
in her zealous patronage of science.” We need not 
refer to Linneus, honoured, enriched, and ennobled 
by his sovereign: for that celebrated name belongs 
to the last century. ‘She yet boasts, however, of 
her illustrious chemist Berzelius, who has been ho- 
noured by a seat in the house of peers, and has 
been decorated with the cross of the order of Vasa, 
and the grand cross of the Polar Star; while, in 
addition to these marks of royal esteem, he enjoys 
the almost exclusive patronage of the chemical and 
medical chairs of Sweden. Though circumscribed 
in its finances, the parliament of Norway has ad- 
vanced to Professor Hanstein no less than 3000/. 
* In the year 1817, two naturalists, one a Bavarian, the 
other an Englishman, left Europe, separately, to explore Brazil. 
They took different routes, and returned to their respective 
countries three or four years after. The Bavarian published 
his ornithological discoveries by subscription; and his list, 
prefixed to the work, contains the names of two emperors, 
one empress, six kings, one queen, nine princes, four arch- 
dukes, seven dukes, and four counts. Total, thirty-four — of 
the highest titles in the world. (English none.) The English- 
man, some years after, determined to do the same, and his titled 
subscribers consisted of one prince (Musignano), and one baron 
(the Lord Stanley). Total two, English one. 
