
178 DEVELOPMENT OF THE OVULUM 
ment of the funicle. The next changes are the marking out 
of the subsequent coat or coats, by one, or very generally, 
two lines of constriction, the uppermost of which appears to 
me to be formed first. 
When two lines are formed, the ovulum will be divided 
into three parts, the uppermost and pre-existing one forming 
the nucleus, that between the lines giving origin to the second 
or inner tegument, that between the lowest line and the base 
of the ovulum, in a similar manner giving origin to the outer 
membrane, or testa. 
In other words, each of these rings, for such is very fre- 
quently their appearance, becomes elongated upwards. 
ut while these changes in the growth of the ovulum are 
going on, other changes of a secondary nature sometimes 
take place ; consisting very frequently in a sort of inversion, 
whereby the apex of the nucleus instead of being directly 
opposed to the attachment of the ovule, is brought to point 
towards it. To this subject I shall again refer. 
'The production upwards of the ring marked out between 
the lines of constriction, or if one line only is visible of the 
part contiguous to that line, continues, and the base of the 
nucleus becomes surrounded by a shallow annular cup. 
Very shortly afterwards, that which subsequently becomes 
the outer coat, is similarly extended round the basé of the 
second, or inner one. 
Both these continue to elongate, but the inner one main- 
tains for some time the ascendancy, and at length encloses 
the nucleus, beyond which it is generally continued into a 
neck, variable in length, always open, and generally some- 
. what dilated at its extremity. 
A similar preponderance takes place to a greater extent in favour of exalbumi- 
nous monopetalous orders ; the proportion being 10 to 14, or 5 in 7. 
Epigynous stamens are always defin ite, this ias | pointed out long ago bs J omisi 
in his immortal Genera Plantarum. P 
of union s m component. parts of the calyx, and a perigynous insertion of ' the 
* corolla m present. Hypogynism determines necessarily an inferior calyx, and 
MET à superior ovarium, but it does not follow that an inferior calyx is 
with a free ovarium—Goodenovie and Cyclacodon nob. a genus of 

associated 
Campanalacee, 

